Energy Efficiency in Household Appliances

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-XI

   PDF

2. Opening Sesion

   1. Opening Session

      • Fabrizio Caccia Dominioni

      Pages 1-6

3. First Session: The Issues

   1. Appliances, Energy, and the Environment: The Scale of the Issue

      • John S. Hoffman

      Pages 7-13

   2. Impact of Energy and Environmental Issues on the Globalisation of the Industry and Markets

      • Hans Peter Haase

      Pages 14-16

   3. Energy consumption of household appliances

      • Jean-Marie Mortier

      Pages 17-21

   4. Appliance Energy Efficiency: Opportunities, Barriers, and Policy Solutions

      • Steven Nadel

      Pages 22-37

   5. Energy efficiency in the domestic sector, what can utilities do?

      • Angelo Camplani

      Pages 38-42

4. Second Session: The Achievements — Standards

   1. Present Status of Residential Appliance Energy Efficiency Standards — An International Review

      • Isaac Turiel

      Pages 43-54

   2. The U.S. Department of Energy’ s Appliance Energy Efficiency Process Improvement Effort

      • Deborah E. Miller

      Pages 55-65

   3. Impact of U.S. Energy Efficiency Requirements on Appliance Industry

      • Charles Samuels

      Pages 66-76

   4. The U.S. Experience in Appliance Energy Efficiency: Successful Past, Challenging Future

      • David M. Nemtzow

      Pages 77-78

   5. European Union Efforts to Promote More Efficient Appliances

      • Paolo Bertoldi

      Pages 79-88

   6. The CECED Commitment for Clothes Washers

      • Luigi Meli

      Pages 89-91

   7. The EACEM Commitment for Tvs and VCRs

      • Wim Bruens

      Pages 92-99

5. Second Session: The Achievements — Consumer Information

   1. Appliance Energy Labels from Around the World

      • Lloyd Harrington

      Pages 100-112

   2. Understanding consumer behaviour: the implications for UK policy

      • Brenda Boardman

      Pages 113-124

   3. The EU-Labelling Scheme: Does it Really Work for Consumers?

      • P. Sieber

      Pages 125-130

   4. Making the Market Force Work: The E-rated Appliances Programme

      • Linda Sandahl

      Pages 131-137

   5. Appliances on the Web: A New Tool to Inform Consumers

      • Michael Martin, John Wilson

      Pages 138-148

6. Second Session: The Achievements - Consumption Patterns

   1. Changing patterns of air conditioning in Japan

      • Harold Wilhite, Hidetoshi Nakagami, Chiharu Murakoshi

      Pages 149-157

There is widespread interest throughout the world in improving appliance energy efficiency. Methods to reach that end include energy labeling, energy efficiency standards and market conditioning (e.g, energy efficient procurement and DSM programs). Energy efficiency standards, which started out as an action to reduce demand for energy in individual countries, has now become a subject of regional and even worldwide dimension, particularly in the context of global climate change mitigation. Mandatory energy efficiency standards are in place for some appliances in China, Canada, Mexico, the Philippines and the United States. Standards for refrigerator/freezers will take effect in Australia and the European Union in 1999. Voluntary energy efficiency standards are in place for refrigerators in Brazil, India and Korea and for air conditioners in India, Japan and Korea. Table I showed potential global energy use reductions from codes and standards in buildings. If individual country data can be assembled, a more accurate approach to estimating potential reductions in energy use and carbon emissions would be to perform a bottom-up analysis for energy using equipment on an end-use basis in as many large developing countries as possible. The impact of standards would be assessed as more efficient appliances replaced existing stock models and new purchases that increased saturation rates were made at higher efficiencies than would otherwise be the case. This approach would show the slow but steady buildup of annual energy savings from efficiency standards or other programs to improve energy efficiency.

• electricity
• electronics
• energy consumption
• energy efficiency
• energy saving
• environment
• modeling
• science and technology

• Directorate General for Energy, European Commission, Bruxelles, Belgium

  Paolo Bertoldi

• ISIS, Rome, Italy

  Andrea Ricci

• NOVEM, AA Sittard, The Netherlands

  Boudewijn Huenges Wajer

Policies and ethics