On Integration computer applications have by now entered almost all enterprises, but mostly in an uncoordinated way without long term integration plans or automation strategies. Departments introduced computing equipment and purchased or developed programs to support their department operations. This approach divided an enterprise into small and almost autonomous enterprises, each with the goal to deploy the computer to make their department and its associated activities work more efficiently. Thus many departments acquired computers, developed and installed automation systems and PCs and educated their staff, announcing this was done to make the work force aware of the large benefits that computers bring. In this fashion the most important functions in an enterprise were more or less computerized (accounting more, CAM and CAD less). In 1986 Europe, the level of computerization in descending order of significance was as follows: Accounting, Inventory Control, Order Entry, Production Planning & Control, Purchasing, Distribution, Sales Planning, Shop Floor Control, Process Control, Quality Control, Manufacturing Engineering (including CAM), and finally Design Engineering (with CAD) [1]. The net result (something that dawned upon us after decades) was that the enterprise consisted of many II islands of ll automation • Moreover, these islands could even be found within departments, where specific functions had been computerized without regard to the impact on the remainder. In the late seventies it became clear that smooth transfer of information between enterprise activities and even within departments was a burden, if at all possible.

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Brussels, Belgium

ESPRIT Consortium AMICE

Bibliographic Information

Book Title: Open System Architecture for CIM
Editors: ESPRIT Consortium AMICE
Series Title: Research Reports Esprit
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-97220-1
Publisher: Springer Berlin, Heidelberg
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive
Copyright Information: ECSC - EEC - EAEC, Brussels - Luxembourg, and ESPRIT Consortium AMICE, Brussels 1989
Softcover ISBN: 978-3-540-52058-0Due: 24 November 1989
eBook ISBN: 978-3-642-97220-1Published: 06 December 2012
Edition Number: 1
Number of Pages: IX, 212
Topics: Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD, CAE) and Design, Computer Hardware, Operations Management

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