Manual of Nonpharmacological Control of Hypertension

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-IX

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2. Preface

   1. Preface

      • J. R. Viskoper

      Pages 1-1

3. General Background

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 3-3

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   2. Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease and Their Control

      • J. R. Viskoper

      Pages 5-20

   3. The Role of the Family Practitioner in Hypertension Control

      • J. R. Viskoper

      Pages 21-23

   4. Patient Compliance with Health Behavior Programs

      • J. R. Viskoper

      Pages 24-27

   5. Communication Enhancement

      • J. R. Viskoper

      Pages 28-46

   6. Stress

      • J. R. Viskoper

      Pages 47-51

4. Implementation of Nonpharmacological Control of Hypertension and Other ASCVD Risk Factors

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 53-53

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   2. Nutritional Intervention

      • J. R. Viskoper

      Pages 55-64

   3. Physical Activity Enhancement

      • J. R. Viskoper

      Pages 65-68

   4. Stress Management

      • J. R. Viskoper

      Pages 69-72

   5. Cessation of Smoking

      • J. R. Viskoper

      Pages 73-75

   6. Promoting Compliance in Nonpharmacological Treatment

      • J. R. Viskoper

      Pages 76-80

5. The Israel Study of Nonpharmacological Control of Hypertension in Primary Care Practices

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 81-81

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   2. Program Design, Evaluation, Method, and Preliminary Results

      • J. R. Viskoper

      Pages 83-90

6. Back Matter

   Pages 91-132

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The prevention and correction of high blood pressure obviously is not an end in itself but a means of preventing cardiovascular complications. It is tempting to res ort to antihypertensive drugs, for the simple reason that current preparations are easy to dose and to take. There is a variety of reasons, however, to take advantage of the antihypertensive potential of nonpharmaco­ logical approaches first. For one thing, the use of tablets tends to accentuate the negative effects oflabelling a subject as hypertensive. The act oftaking tablets per se may elicit a spectrum of subjective adverse effects, as we have learned from placebo-controlled therapeutic trials. Even more importantly, the benefits of antihypertensive drug treatment are largely confined to the reduction of stroke and disease of the large vessels. With regard to incidence of cardiac events, some modest beneficial effects have been registered, such as a decrease in congestive heart failure and in the fatality rate of myocardial infarction. The effects on the incidence of coronary heart disease are only marginal at best. This disappointing finding has been ascribed to various factors: unwanted metabolie effects of anti­ hypertensive drugs, inadvertent drops in diastolic pressure interfering with coro­ nary perfusion, and, last but not least, failure to eliminate risk factors other than high blood pressure (smoking, alcohol abuse, lipid and glucose disturbanees, obesity, and the hemodynamic disadvantages of a sedentary life). Most of these additional noxious factors are refractory to drug treatment and call for modifica­ tion of life-style.

• blood pressure
• cardiovascular
• hypertension
• non-pharmacologic control of CVO
• risk factors
• vascular disease

• The Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel

  J. R. Viskoper

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