Innovation Policy in a Knowledge-Based Economy

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-XI

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2. Introduction

   • Patrick Llerena, Mireille Matt

   Pages 1-14

3. The Rationales Behind Innovation Policies: Dynamic Approaches

   1. From Economic Foundations to S&T Policy Tools: a Comparative Analysis of the Dominant Paradigms

      • Laurent Bach, Mireille Matt

      Pages 17-45

   2. Systems Failure and the Case for Innovation Policy

      • James Stanley Metcalfe

      Pages 47-74

   3. Technology Policy in the Knowledge-Based Economy

      • Patrick Cohendet, Frieder Meyer-Krahmer

      Pages 75-112

4. New Technology Procurement: Knowledge Creation, Diffusion and Coordination

   1. Technology Policy and A-Synchronic Technologies: The Case of German High-Speed Trains

      • Patrick Llerena, Eric Schenk

      Pages 115-134

   2. Institutional Arrangements of Technology Policy and Management of Diversity: the Case of Digital Switching System in France and in Italy

      • Patrick Llerena, Mireille Matt, Stefania Trenti

      Pages 135-159

   3. A Study of Military Innovation Diffusion Based on Two Case Studies

      • Arman Avadikyan, Patrick Cohendet, Olivier Dupouët

      Pages 161-189

5. Impact of Incentives Tools on Systemic and Learning Failures

   1. University-Industry Relationships and Regional Innovation Systems: Analysis of the French Procedure Cifre

      • Jean-Alain Héraud, Rachel Lévy

      Pages 193-219

   2. Research and Development Tax Incentives: a Comparative Analysis of Various National Mechanisms

      • Stéphane Lhuillery

      Pages 221-250

   3. Twenty Years of Evaluation with the BETA Method: Some Insights on Current Collaborative ST&I Policy Issues

      • Laurent Bach, Mireille Matt

      Pages 251-281

6. The Relevance of R&D Strategic Management in Policy Design

   1. The Organizational Specificities of Brite-Euram Collaborative Projects: Micro-Analysis and Policy Implications

      • Mireille Matt, Sandrine Wolff

      Pages 285-318

   2. How International are National (and European) Science and Technology Policies?

      • Jakob Edler, Frieder Meyer-Krahmer

      Pages 319-337

   3. Universities Specificities and the Emergence of a Global Model of University: how to Manage These Contradictory Realities

      • Chantale Mailhot, Véronique Schaeffer

      Pages 339-359

7. Back Matter

   Pages 361-362

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Patrick Llerena and Mireille Matt BETA, Strasbourg, E-mail: pllerena@coumot. u-strasbg. fr BETA, Strasbourg, E-mail: matt@coumot. u-strasbg. fr 0. 1 Why Analyze Innovation Policies From a Knowledge- Based Perspective? It is broadly accepted that we have moved (or are moving) to a knowled- based economy, characterized at least by two main features: that knowl­ edge is a major factor in economic growth, and innovation processes are systemic by nature. It is not surprising that this change in the economic paradigm requires new analytical foundations for innovation policies. One of the purposes of this book is to make suggestions as to what they should include. Underpinning all the chapters in this book is a conviction of the impor­ tance of dynamic and systemic approaches to innovation policy. Nelson (1959)^ and Arrow (1962)^ saw innovation and the creation of new knowl­ edge as the emergence and the diffusion of new information, characterized essentially as a public good. The more recent theoretical literature regarded the rationale for innovation policies as being to provide solutions to "mar­ ket failures". Today, however, knowledge is seen as multidimensional (tacit vs. codified) and open to interpretation. Acknowledging that the creation, coordination and diffusion of knowledge are dynamic and cumu­ lative processes, and that innovation processes result from the coordination of distributed knowledge, renders the "market failure" view of innovation policies obsolete. Innovation policies must be systemic and dynamic.

• economic systems
• evolutionary theory
• innovation
• innovation policy
• innovation systems
• learning
• organization
• research & development (R&D)
• science and technology
• technology policy

• BETA-ULP, Strasbourg, France

  Patrick Llerena, Mireille Matt

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