Step Wise Protocols for Somatic Embryogenesis of Important Woody Plants

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xv

   PDF

2. Pinus radiata (D. Don) Somatic Embryogenesis

   • Itziar A. Montalbán, Paloma Moncaleán

   Pages 1-11

3. Embryogenic Tissue Initiation in Loblolly Pine (Pinus Taeda L.)

   • Gerald S. Pullman

   Pages 13-31

4. Fraser Fir (Abies fraseri [Pursh] Poir.)

   • Gerald S. Pullman, John Frampton

   Pages 33-47

5. Bosnian Pine Pinus heldreichii Christ.

   • Dragana Stojičić, Branka Uzelac, Snežana Budimir

   Pages 49-62

6. Stone Pine Pinus Pinea L.

   • Cristina Celestino, Elena Carneros, Nuria González-Cabrero, Inmaculada Hernández, Mariano Toribio

   Pages 63-81

7. Somatic Embryogenesis of Brazilian Conifer Podocarpus lambertii Klotzsch ex Endl.

   • Miguel Pedro Guerra, Leila do Nascimento Vieira, Hugo Pacheco de Freitas Fraga

   Pages 83-91

8. Stress-Induced Microspore Embryogenesis by Anther Culture of Quercus suber L.

   • Pilar S. Testillano, Beatriz Pintos, Aranzazu Gomez-Garay, María C. Risueño

   Pages 93-105

9. Manufactured Seeds of Woody Plants

   • Jeffrey E. Hartle

   Pages 107-121

10. Somatic Embryogenesis in Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)

    • Malin Abrahamsson, David Clapham, Sara von Arnold

    Pages 123-133

11. Quercus Ilex L.

    • Aranzazu Gomez-Garay, José Antonio Manzanera, Pilar S. Testillano, Beatriz Pintos

    Pages 135-147

12. Hybrid Larch (Larix × eurolepis Henry)

    • Anna Kraft, Marianne Kadolsky

    Pages 149-158

13. Aleppo pine Pinus halepensis Mill.

    • Cátia Pereira, Itziar A. Montalbán, Sandra Isabel Correia, Jorge Canhoto, Paloma Moncaleán

    Pages 159-166

14. Maritime Pine Pinus Pinaster Aiton

    • Maria Cano, Angeles Morcillo, Alicia Humánez, Isabel Mendoza-Poudereux, Alex Alborch, Juan Segura et al.

    Pages 167-179

15. Holm Oak Quercus ilex L.

    • Elena Corredoira, Inmaculada Hernández, Marian Morcillo, Mª Teresa Martínez, Mar Ruiz-Galea, Mª José Cernadas et al.

    Pages 181-195

16. Somatic Embryogenesis of Greek Fir (Abies cephalonica Loud.)

    • Jana Krajňáková, Hely Häggman

    Pages 197-209

17. SE Fluidics System

    • Cyrus K. Aidun, Ulrika Egertsdotter

    Pages 211-227

18. Protocol for Somatic Embryogenesis in Japanese Black Pine (Pinus thunbergii Parl.) and Japanese Red Pine (Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc.)

    • Tsuyoshi E. Maruyama, Yoshihisa Hosoi

    Pages 229-241

19. Cork Oak Quercus suber L. Embryogenic Liquid Cultures

    • Mar Ruiz-Galea, Dolores López-Vela, Jesús Jiménez, Nieves Alonso-Blázquez, Jesús Alegre, Cristina Celestino et al.

    Pages 243-254

20. Norway Spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst

    • Saila Varis

    Pages 255-267

World population is increasing at an alarming rate and this has resulted in increasing tremendously the demand for tree products such as wood for construction materials, fuel and paper, fruits, oils and medicines etc. This has put immense pressure on the world’s supplies of trees and raw material to industry and will continue to do so as long as human population continues to grow. Also, the quality of human diet, especially nutritional components, is adversely affected due to limited genetic improvement of most of fruit trees. Thus there is an immediate need to increase productivity of trees. Improvement has been made through conventional breeding methods, however, conventional breeding is very slow due to long life cycle of trees. A basic strategy in tree improvement is to capture genetic gain through clonal propagation. Clonal propagation via organogenesis is being used for the production of selected elite individual trees. However, the methods are labour intensive, costly, and produce low volumes. Genetic gain can now be captured through somatic embryogenesis. Formation of embryos from somatic cells by a process resembling zygotic embryogenesis is one of the most important features of plants. In 1958, Reinert in Germany and Steward in USA independently reported somatic embryogenesis in carrot cultures. Since then, tremendous progress in somatic embryogenesis of woody and non-woody plants has taken place. It offers a potentially large-scale propagation system for superior clones.

• Bur
• Embryo
• Conifers
• Genetic Transformation
• Olive
• Seedlings
• Woody Plants
• Tree Biology
• Wood Science and Technology

• Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

  Shri Mohan Jain

• Technology Center, Weyerhaeuser Company, Federal Way, USA

  Pramod Gupta

Prof. Dr. Shri Mohan Jain is an Indian-born plant biotechnology scientist. He worked several years for the International Atomic Energy Agency in Vienna. He has done research on genetically modified food, mutation breeding, ornamental plants, date palm, and tropical fruits, such as banana.

Prof. Jain completed his bachelor's degree at the Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University in Hisar, Haryana, India (1966–1970). After that he continued his studies to receive a Master of Science from the Genetics department at the G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology in Pantnagar, Nainital, India (1970–1972). In 1972 he started his studies in Master of Philosophy in Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi, India and finally completed his studies with a PhD from the same university in 1978.

Pramod Gupta has been involved in the science of tree cloning since he chose forestry as his career at the ageof 20. He has a PhD and 30-years of work experience with one of the global leaders in forestry, Weyerhaeuser. Pramod Gupta developed the first cloning lab for Weyerhaeuser, built a scientific team, consulted with forest managers world-wide, studied optimal growing conditions, presented scientific papers, and earned multiple patents. 

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