Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Transport

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-vi

   PDF

2. Assembly of Nuclear Pore Complex

   • Jingjie Yu, Joseph Kelich, Weidong Yang

   Pages 1-14

3. Structure of Yeast Nuclear Pore Complexes

   • Lan Mi, Longfang Yao, Jiong Ma

   Pages 15-25

4. Dynamic Structures of the Nuclear Pore Complex and Their Roles in Nucleocytoplasmic Transport

   • Martin W. Goldberg

   Pages 27-44

5. Non-canonical Roles of Nuclear Pore Proteins

   • Douglas R. Mackay, Katharine S. Ullman

   Pages 45-64

6. On the Role of the Channel Nucleoporins in Nuclear Transport

   • Sozanne R. Solmaz

   Pages 65-112

7. Structures of Importins and Exportins

   • Jordan Baumhardt, Yuh Min Chook

   Pages 113-149

8. Navigating the Nuclear Envelope: One or Multiple Transport Mechanisms for Integral Membrane Proteins?

   • Charles R. Dixon, Eric C. Schirmer

   Pages 151-177

9. mRNA Export and Its Dysregulation in Disease

   • Katherine Borden, Biljana Culkovic-Kraljacic

   Pages 179-204

10. Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics of the Natively-Unfolded Domain of the NPC

    • A. Ghavami, E. van der Giessen, P. R. Onck, L. M. Veenhoff

    Pages 205-221

11. On the Effects of Leukemogenic Nucleoporin Fusion Proteins on Nucleocytoplasmic Transport and Gene Expression

    • Nuno Martins, Adélia Mendes, Birthe Fahrenkrog

    Pages 223-248

12. Structure and Function of the Nuclear Pore Complex Revealed by High-Resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

    • Joseph Kelich, Jingjie Yu, Weidong Yang

    Pages 249-274

Dysfunction of nuclear-cytoplasmic transport systems has been associated with many human diseases. Thus, understanding of how functional this transport system maintains, or through dysfunction fails to maintain remains the core question in cell biology. In eukaryotic cells, the nuclear envelope (NE) separates the genetic transcription in the nucleus from the translational machinery in the cytoplasm. Thousands of nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) embedded on the NE selectively mediate the bidirectional trafficking of macromolecules such as RNAs and proteins between these two cellular compartments. In this book, the authors integrate recent progress on the structure of NPC and the mechanism of nuclear-cytoplasmic transport system in vitro and in vivo.

• nuclear transport
• nuclear pore complexes
• nuclear envelope
• nucleoporins
• nuclear

• Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA

  Weidong Yang

Weidong Yang, Ph.D. Dr. Yang is interested in exploring the molecular transport mechanisms in cells by using single-molecule tracking, super-resolution microscopy imaging and nanotechnology. His research laboratory is highly motivated to develop innovative research tools to meet the needs of solving challenging biological and biomedical problems, as they have done in the past and will be doing in the future. Currently, by developing and employing high-speed super-resolution microscopy techniques, Dr. Yang and his research team aim to solve two critical transport mechanisms involving three sub-cellular organelles in eukaryotic cells: nucleus, cytoplasm and primary cilium. Macromolecular trafficking among these compartments is suggested to be gated by two unique machineries. One is the nuclear pore complex (NPC) embedded in the nuclear envelope that mediates the bidirectional trafficking of proteins and RNAs between the cytoplasm and the nucleus; the other is the transition zone (TZ) located at the base of cilium that regulates the entry of membrane and cytosolic proteins into the cilium. Due to the challenges in elucidating kinetics and real-time transport routes for macromolecules through the sub-micrometer NPC or TZ in live cells, however, the fundamental gating mechanisms in either of these two machineries, remain obscure. Moreover, these transport mechanisms are not only the fundamental unanswered questions in cell biology, but also are closely associated with human diseases. For example, dysfunction of the nuclear transport through the NPC are linked to numerous human diseases including leukemias, cancers, and primary biliary cirrhosis. Also, defects in ciliary structure and/or function causes a variety of diseases (called ciliopathies) such as cystic kidney disease, nephronophthisis (NPHP), and retinitis pigmentosa. Thus, the fundamental knowledge of understanding the gating mechanisms in these transport systems is urgently needed to further develop therapeutics for the human diseases. In the Yang lab, they aim at employing and further developing high-speed super-resolution fluorescence microscopy techniques to unravel these fundamental transport mechanisms.

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