Complexity, Cognition, Urban Planning and Design

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xxvi

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2. Complexity, Cognition and Cities

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. What Makes Cities Complex?

      • Juval Portugali

      Pages 3-19

   3. Evolving a Plan: Design and Planning with Complexity

      • Michael Batty

      Pages 21-42

   4. Self-organization and Design as a Complementary Pair

      • J. A. Scott Kelso, Egbert Stolk, Juval Portugali

      Pages 43-53

   5. Cultivating Complexity: The Need for a Shift in Cognition

      • N. John Habraken

      Pages 55-74

   6. The Fourth Sustainability, Creativity: Statistical Associations and Credible Mechanisms

      • Bill Hillier

      Pages 75-92

   7. Design Thinking as Principles for the Structure of Creative Cities

      • Andy Dong

      Pages 93-107

3. On Termites, Rats, Other Animals and Cities

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 109-109

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   2. Swarm Cognition and Swarm Construction: Lessons from a Social Insect Master Builder

      • Scott Turner

      Pages 111-126

   3. Physical, Behavioral and Spatiotemporal Perspectives of Home in Humans and Other Animals

      • Efrat Blumenfeld-Lieberthal, David Eilam

      Pages 127-149

4. Complexity, Cognition and Planning

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 151-151

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   2. Framing the Planning Game: A Cognitive Understanding of the Planner’s Rationale in a Differentiated World

      • Gert de Roo

      Pages 153-179

   3. Global Scale Predictions of Cities in Urban and in Cognitive Planning

      • Roni Sela

      Pages 181-196

   4. Emotional Cognition in Urban Planning and Design

      • Paul Thagard

      Pages 197-213

5. Complexity, Cognition and Design

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 215-215

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   2. A Complexity-Cognitive View on Scale in Urban Design

      • Egbert Stolk, Juval Portugali

      Pages 217-235

   3. Lines: Orderly and Messy

      • Barbara Tversky

      Pages 237-250

   4. Creative Challenge and Cognitive Constraint: Students’ Use of A Pattern Language for Complex Design

      • Stephen Marshall

      Pages 251-269

   5. The Evolution of City Gaming

      • Ekim Tan

      Pages 271-292

This book, which resulted from an intensive discourse between experts from several disciplines – complexity theorists, cognitive scientists, philosophers, urban planners and urban designers, as well as a zoologist and a physiologist – addresses various issues regarding cities. It is a first step in responding to the challenge of generating just such a discourse, based on a dilemma identified in the CTC (Complexity Theories of Cities) domain. The latter has demonstrated that cities exhibit the properties of natural, organic complex systems: they are open, complex and bottom-up, have fractal structures and are often chaotic. CTC have further shown that many of the mathematical formalisms and models developed to study material and organic complex systems also apply to cities. The dilemma in the current state of CTC is that cities differ from natural complex systems in that they are hybrid complex systems composed, on the one hand, of artifacts such as buildings, roads and bridges, and ofnatural human agents on the other. This raises a plethora of new questions on the difference between the natural and the artificial, the cognitive origin of human action and behavior, and the role of planning and designing cities. The answers to these questions cannot come from a single discipline; they must instead emerge from a discourse between experts from several disciplines engaged in CTC.

• Artificial-natural Complex Systems
• Complex Urbanism
• Complexity Theories of Cities
• Emotional Cognition in Urban Design
• Self-organizing Cities
• Urban Planning and Development
• urban geography and urbanism
• complexity
• urban geography and urbanism

• Environmental simulation lab (ESLab), Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

  Juval Portugali

• Department of Urbanism, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

  Egbert Stolk

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