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Gang Transitions and Transformations in an International Context

  • Book
  • © 2016

Overview

Editors:
  1. Cheryl L. Maxson

    1. Department of Criminology, Law, and Soc., University of California, Irvine, USA

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  2. Finn-Aage Esbensen

    1. Department of Criminology and Crim Jus, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, USA

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  • Provides a common vocabulary for international, interdisciplinary researchers studying youth gangs

  • Explores reasons for joining and leaving gangs

  • Presents directions for future research in gang intervention and prevention

  • Examines cutting-edge issues in gang research including internet and social media use and fear of crime

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Table of contents (16 chapters)

  1. Front Matter

    Pages i-xi
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  2. Participation in and Transformation of Gangs (and Gang Research) in an International Context: Reflections on the Eurogang Research Program

    • Cheryl L. Maxson, Finn-Aage Esbensen
    Pages 1-11

  3. Gang Participation and Impacts on Individual Behavior

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 13-13
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    2. Street Gang Definitions Across Two US Cities: Eurogang Criteria, Group Identity Characteristics, and Peer Group Involvement in Crime

      • Caterina G. Roman, Meagan Cahill, Jillian L. Eidson
      Pages 15-32

    3. Gang Membership and Involvement in Violence among US Adolescents: A Test of Construct Validity

      • Chris Melde, Finn-Aage Esbensen, Dena C. Carson
      Pages 33-50

    4. Fear and Retaliation: Gang Violence in Brussels and Caracas

      • Ellen Vandenbogaerde, Elke Van Hellemont
      Pages 51-63

    5. Micro-Place Conditions and Social, Personal, and Situational Control Mechanisms: Testing an Integrated Theory of Gang Membership in Belgium

      • Lieven J. R. Pauwels, Wim Hardyns
      Pages 65-94

    6. Gang Youth and Friendship Networks in California Correctional Facilities: Examining Friendship Structure and Composition for Incarcerated Gang and Non-Gang Youth

      • Shannon E. Reid, Cheryl L. Maxson
      Pages 95-114

    7. Israeli and US Gangs in the Virtual World: The Sociocultural Context of Gang Members’ Online Activity

      • Revital Sela-Shayovitz, David C. Pyrooz, Scott H. Decker
      Pages 115-135

  4. Transitions and Gang Transformation

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 137-137
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    2. Motivations for Leaving Gangs in the USA: A Qualitative Comparison of Leaving Processes Across Gang Definitions

      • Dena C. Carson, Finn-Aage Esbensen
      Pages 139-155

    3. Dutch Crips Run Dry in Liquid Society

      • Frank van Gemert, Robby Roks, Marijke Drogt
      Pages 157-172

    4. Why Do Flemish Youth Participate in Right-Wing Disruptive Groups?

      • Maarten De Waele, Lieven J. R. Pauwels
      Pages 173-200

    5. Youth Gang Members’ Transitions into and Within US Prisons

      • Beth M. Huebner, Kristina Thompson Garrity
      Pages 201-213

  5. Fostering Gang Transition and Transformation: Strategies for Prevention and Intervention

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 215-215
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    2. A Brief Review and Meta-Analysis of Gang Intervention Trials in North America

      • Stanley J. Huey Jr., Gabrielle Lewine, Miriam Rubenson
      Pages 217-233

    3. The Real Deal: On Positive, Street-Oriented Role Models in Response to Dutch Gangs and Youth at Risk

      • Jan Dirk de Jong
      Pages 235-253

    4. Collaboration as Usual? The Swedish Approach to Prevention and Intervention with Troublesome Youth Groups

      • Torbjörn Forkby, Russell Turner
      Pages 255-277

    5. Policing Gangs and Organized Crime: Reflections on Conceptual Confusion and Its Consequences from Two Swedish Case Studies

      • Amir Rostami
      Pages 279-289

    6. Pulling Levers on Gang Violence in London and St. Paul

      • James A. Densley, David Squier Jones
      Pages 291-305
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Keywords

About this book

This unique volume explores why and how youth join and leave gangs, as a lens for exploring intervention and prevention through comparative, international research. The book explores three key questions: how do youth gangs form and how do they change over time? Why do youth join street gangs, and why do they leave? How can we use this knowledge to foster more effective interventions for gang problems? Drawing from research conducted in ten different countries (Belgium, Canada, Germany, Israel, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, and Venezuela)and a variety of disciplines, sixteen original chapters provide unique insights into: 

1) patterns of gang participation and how it impacts individual behavior


2) individual transitions and their impact on gang transformations


3) fostering gang transition and transformation. 

This work will be of interest to researchers in Criminology and Criminal Justice, particularly with an interest in youth gangs, developmental and life-course criminology, criminal careers, and criminal networks, as well as related fields such as sociology, psychology, and comparative law, and public health.​

Editors and Affiliations

  • Department of Criminology, Law, and Soc., University of California, Irvine, USA

    Cheryl L. Maxson

  • Department of Criminology and Crim Jus, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, USA

    Finn-Aage Esbensen

About the editors

Cheryl Maxson (PhD, University of Southern California) is the Department Chair and Professor of Criminology, Law and Society at University of California, Irvine. She was one of the co-editors of the first Eurogang volume and has co-edited the well-received Modern Gang Reader (all four editions) and is co-author of two other books (both by Oxford University Press).

Finn-Aage Esbensen (PhD, University of Colorado, Boulder) is the E. Desmond Lee Professor of Youth Crime and Violence at University of Missouri - St. Louis and Chair of the Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice. He co-edited American Youth Gangs at the Millennium, is co-author of a criminology textbook (the 9th edition will be published in 2015) and is co-author of a research monograph by Temple University Press. Together, the editors have extensive publication records and have been affiliated with the Eurogang Network since its inception, have participated in each of the 15 workshops, and serve on the group’s Steering Committee. They collaborated on the editing of the fourth Eurogang volume, Youth Gangs in International Context, also published by Springer.

Bibliographic Information

  • Book Title: Gang Transitions and Transformations in an International Context

  • Editors: Cheryl L. Maxson, Finn-Aage Esbensen

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29602-9

  • Publisher: Springer Cham

  • eBook Packages: Law and Criminology, Law and Criminology (R0)

  • Copyright Information: Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016

  • Hardcover ISBN: 978-3-319-29600-5Published: 22 June 2016

  • Softcover ISBN: 978-3-319-80606-8Published: 31 May 2018

  • eBook ISBN: 978-3-319-29602-9Published: 09 June 2016

  • Edition Number: 1

  • Number of Pages: XI, 314

  • Number of Illustrations: 6 b/w illustrations, 3 illustrations in colour

  • Topics: Criminology and Criminal Justice, general, Childhood, Adolescence and Society, Child and School Psychology

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