Microorganisms in Saline Environments: Strategies and Functions

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xvi

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2. Genesis and Impact of Salinity on the Diversity and Distribution of Microorganisms in Saline Habitats

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. Salinity: An Overview

      • Priyanka Srivastava, Qiang-Sheng Wu, Bhoopander Giri

      Pages 3-18

   3. Occurrence and Distribution of Fungi in Saline Environments

      • Adèle L. Bunbury-Blanchette, Allison K. Walker

      Pages 19-38

   4. Microbial Ecology of Saline Ecosystems

      • Vishnuvardhan Reddy Sultanpuram, Thirumala Mothe

      Pages 39-63

   5. Microbial Diversity of Saline Habitats: An Overview of Biotechnological Applications

      • Shubhrima Ghosh, Sumit Kumar, Sunil Kumar Khare

      Pages 65-92

   6. Investigation of the Structural and Functional Microbial Diversity in Indian Mangroves

      • Shayantan Mukherji, Shyamalina Haldar, Abhrajyoti Ghosh

      Pages 93-130

3. Impact of Salinity on Plants and Microbial Life

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 131-131

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   2. Exopolysaccharides and Biofilms in Mitigating Salinity Stress: The Biotechnological Potential of Halophilic and Soil-Inhabiting PGPR Microorganisms

      • Aparna Banerjee, Shrabana Sarkar, Sara Cuadros-Orellana, Rajib Bandopadhyay

      Pages 133-153

   3. Impact of Salinity Stress on Growth and Development of Aquatic Fungi

      • Patricia Velez

      Pages 155-168

   4. Cellular Mechanisms of Plant Salt Tolerance

      • Mohamed Magdy F. Mansour, Karima Hamid A. Salama

      Pages 169-210

   5. Microorganisms Aiding Existence and Efficiency of Plants in Saline Environment: What We Know and What to Expect

      • Usha Chakraborty, Swarnendu Roy, Bishwanath Chakraborty

      Pages 211-235

   6. Effect of Salinity on Physiological Processes in Plants

      • Okon Godwin Okon

      Pages 237-262

4. Plant-Microbe Interactions in Saline Environments

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 263-263

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   2. Influence of Native Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Pseudomonas fluorescens on Tamarix Shrubs Under Different Salinity Levels

      • Karima Bencherif, Yolande Dalpé, Anissa Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui

      Pages 265-283

   3. Salt-Tolerant Microbes: Isolation and Adaptation

      • Mohammad Javad Zarea

      Pages 285-301

   4. The Mechanisms Involved in Improving the Tolerance of Plants to Salt Stress Using Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

      • Magdi T. Abdelhamid, Raafat R. El-Masry, Darwish S. Darwish, Mazhar M. F. Abdalla, Shinya Oba, Ragab Ragab

      Pages 303-327

   5. Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria for Improving Crops Under Saline Conditions

      • Leila Bensidhoum, El-hafid Nabti

      Pages 329-352

   6. Insights in the Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Basis of Salt Stress Tolerance in Plants

      • Nisha Kumari, Kamla Malik, Babita Rani, Minakshi Jattan, Sushil, Ram Avtar et al.

      Pages 353-374

   7. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Alleviate Soil Salinity Stress in Arid and Semiarid Areas

      • Karima Bencherif, Yolande Dalpé, Anissa Lounès Hadj-Sahraoui

      Pages 375-400

This book gathers the latest findings on the microbial ecology of saline habitats, plant-microbe interactions under saline conditions, and saline soil reclamation for agricultural use. The content is divided into four main parts: Part I outlines the definition of salinity, its genesis and impacts, and microbial diversity in saline habitats. Part II deals with impact of salinity on microbial and plant life/health. Part III highlights plant – microbe interactions in saline environments, and Part IV describes strategies for mitigation and reclamation of saline soils. 

The salinization of arable land is steadily increasing in many parts of the world. An excessive concentration of soluble salts (salinity) in soils or irrigation water adversely affects plant growth and survival. This problem is exacerbated in arid and semiarid areas due to their low precipitation and high evaporation rates. In turn, poor management practices and policies for using river water forthe irrigation of agriculture crops often lead to the secondary salinization of soils.

Considering the growing demands of a constantly expanding population, understanding the microbial ecology and interactions under saline conditions and their implications for sustainable agriculture is of utmost importance. Providing both an essential review of the status quo and a future outlook, this book represents a valuable asset for researchers, environmentalists and students working in microbiology and agriculture.

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• saline environments
• salt stress
• soil salinity
• saline conditions
• saline soils
• salinity stress
• salt tolerance
• Biodegradation
• Bioremediation
• Environmental Pollution
• Heavy Metals
• Paddy Soil
• POPs
• Risk Assessment
• Soil Environment

• Department of Botany, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India

  Bhoopander Giri

• Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, India

  Ajit Varma

Dr. Bhoopander Giri: Received his Ph.D in Mycorrhizal Research from the Department of Botany, University of Delhi in 2001. Dr. Giri has worked as a post-doctoral fellow at the Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, USA and is currently working as an Assistant Professor at the Department of Botany, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, Delhi. He is a recipient of CSIR Research Associateship (2003), DST Young Scientist Fellowship (2005) and Raman Post-Doctoral Fellowship. He has served as a General Secretary (from 2013-2015) for International Symbiosis Society (ISS), USA. Dr. Giri is a life-member/member of many prestigious academic societies. Besides, he serves as a reviewer for several international and national journals, including Experimental and Environmental Botany, Planta, Applied Soil Ecology, Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, Agroforestry System, Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, Scientia Horticulture, Acta Physiologia Plantarum, Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, Journal of Experimental Botany, Institute for Life Long Learning (ILLL), University of Delhi (e-content) and UGC-CEC (pre-view subject expert). Dr. Giri has published more than 38 papers in the national and international peer-reviewed journals and books. His paper “Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in alleviation of salt stress” published in Annals of Botany Oxford Press, UK has been listed among TOP 10 cited publications (from 2009-2014) in the area of Biological Science and Agriculture by International Comparative Performance of India’s Research Base, Department of Science and Technology Report 2015, India. He has presented research papers in several national and international conferences (Switzerland, Canada and USA etc.) and also served as organizing secretary. Dr. Giri has edited a book “Root Biology” published by Springer International Publishing AG-A Part of Nature 2018.

Prof. Dr. Ajit Varma: Professor Varmahas completed his PhD at the age of 25 years from Allahabad University and Former Professor, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, India. Presently, he is the Distinguished Scientist & Professor of Eminence of Amity Institute of Microbial Technology; Group Dy. Vice Chancellor, Ritnand Balved Education Foundation, and Vice Chairman, Amity Science, Technology & Innovation Foundation Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India. He has published more than 314 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editor-in-Chief of Soil Biology Series, Springer Verlag Germany. Dr Varma is the Fellow of Alexander-von-Humboldt Society, Germany, elected Fellow of National Academy Agricultural Sciences and Fellow of Microbiology Society of India.

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