Resistance’ 91: Achievements and Developments in Combating Pesticide Resistance

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xiii

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2. Monitoring Methods and Field Results

   1. Monitoring Fungicide Resistance: Purposes, Procedures and Progress

      • Keith Brent

      Pages 1-18

   2. Role of Mutation and Migration in the Evolution of Insecticide Resistance in the Mosquito Culex Pipiens

      • Michel Raymond, Maite Marquine, Nicole Pasteur

      Pages 19-27

   3. Herbicide Resistance in the Weed Alopecurus Myosuroides (Black-Grass): The Current Situation

      • Stephen Moss

      Pages 28-40

3. Strategies and Evaluation

   1. Irac Fruit Crops Working Group Spider Mite Resistance Management Strategy

      • P. K. Leonard

      Pages 41-47

   2. Fungicide Resistance Strategies in Winter Wheat in The Netherlands

      • Maarten A. de Waard

      Pages 48-60

   3. Evolution and Management of Resistance in the Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa Decemlineata

      • Richard T. Roush, Ward M. Tingey

      Pages 61-74

   4. Multiple Herbicide Resistance in Annual Ryegrass (Lolium rigidum): A Driving Force for the Adoption of Integrated Weed Management

      • Stephen B. Powles, John M. Matthews

      Pages 75-87

   5. Management of Insecticide Resistance in Heliothis Armigera in Australia - Ecological and Chemical Countermeasures

      • Neil W. Forrester, Gary P. Fitt

      Pages 88-99

   6. Resistance to Phenylamide Fungicides: Strategies and their Evaluation

      • Louise R. Cooke

      Pages 100-111

   7. The International Organization for Resistant Pest Management (IRPM): A Fresh Collaborative Approach

      • Bernard C. Smale

      Pages 112-123

4. Simulation and Prediction

   1. What Do We Really Know About Management of Insecticide Resistance?

      • Bruce E. Tabashnik, Jay A. Rosenheim, Michael A. Caprio

      Pages 124-135

   2. How Does Spatial Structure in Populations Affect the Spread of Fungicide Resistance?

      • M. W. Shaw

      Pages 136-147

   3. Modelling Herbicide Resistance - A Study of Ecological Fitness

      • A. M. Mortimer, P. F. Ulf-Hansen, P. D. Putwain

      Pages 148-164

   4. Analysis of Insecticide Resistance in the Whitefly, Bemisia Tabaci

      • Frank J Byrne, Ian Denholm, Linzi C Birnie, Alan L Devonshire, Mark W Rowland

      Pages 165-178

   5. Negative Cross-Resistance in Fungicides: From the Laboratory to the Field

      • Pierre Leroux

      Pages 179-189

5. Mechanisms of Resistance

   1. The Contribution of Genetic Studies to Understanding Fungicide Resistance

      • Ian R. Crute

      Pages 190-202

   2. Mechanisms of Resistance to Herbicides

      • Alan D. Dodge

      Pages 203-217

   3. Mechanisms of Resistance to Fungicides

      • M. J. Henry

      Pages 218-227

   4. Voltage-Dependent Sodium Channels in Susceptible and Pyrethroid-Resistant Drosophila Strains

      • David Pauron, Marcel Amichot, Jean-Baptiste Berge

      Pages 228-239

The development of pesticide resistance in arthropod pests, plant pathogens and weeds can be viewed and studied from two contrasting perspectives. At a fundamental level, resistance provides an almost ideal example of adaptation to withstand severe environmental stress. Population geneticists, biochemists and, most recently, molecular biologists have cast considerable light on the nature of this adaptation in diverse taxonomic groups, and on factors determining its selection and spread within and between populations. Unlike most evolutionary phenomena, however, resistance is also of immediate practical and economic significance. Not only has the number of resistant species continued to increase inexorably, but there has been an alarming increase in the severity and extent of some resistance problems. Cases of organisms resisting virtually all available pesticides are by no means uncommon, and pose a formidable challenge in view of present difficulties in discovering and developing novel chemicals. Although most occurrences of resistance were initially monofactorial, resistance now frequently involves a suite of coexisting mechanisms that protect organisms against the same or different pesticide groups, and may even predispose them to resist new, as yet unused chemicals.

• Fungi
• biology
• biotechnology
• genetic engineering
• metabolism
• migration
• pest management
• predator
• ecotoxicology

• Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Herts, UK

  Ian Denholm, Alan L. Devonshire

• Long Ashton Experimental Station, Bristol, UK

  Derek W. Hollomon

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