COX-2 Blockade in Cancer Prevention and Therapy

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-x

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2. Historical Perspectives

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. Dietary Fatty Acids, COX-2 Blockade, and Carcinogenesis

      • Rashida A. Karmali

      Pages 3-12

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   3. Historical Aspects of COX-2

      • Harvey R. Herschman

      Pages 13-32

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3. Epidemiology of NSAIDs and Cancer

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 33-33

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   2. Epidemiology of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Colorectal Cancer

      • Michael J. Thun, S. Jane Henley

      Pages 35-55

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   3. Epidemiology of Breast Cancer and Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

      • Randall E. Harris

      Pages 57-68

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4. Animal Models of Carcinogenesis

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 69-69

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   2. Role of Synthetic and Naturally Occurring Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors in Colon Cancer Prevention

      • Bandaru S. Reddy, Chinthalapally V. Rao

      Pages 71-83

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   3. Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer by Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Selective COX-2 Blockade in Animals

      • Hussein M. Abou-Issa, Galal A. Alshafie, Randall E. Harris

      Pages 85-98

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   4. The Role of Cyclooxygenase-2 in the Prevention and Therapy of Lung Cancer

      • Hildegard M. Schuller

      Pages 99-116

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   5. Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, Prostaglandins, and Apc-Driven Intestinal Tumorigenesis

      • Jay Whelan, Michael F. McEntee

      Pages 117-145

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   6. Cyclooxygenase-1 and Cyclooxygenase-2 Knockout Mice Provide Insights into Beneficial and Adverse Effects of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

      • Robert Langenbach

      Pages 147-155

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5. Molecular Biology of COX-2

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 157-157

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   2. Cyclooxygenase-2, Prostaglandins, and Colorectal Carcinogenesis

      • Rajnish A. Gupta, Raymond N. DuBois

      Pages 159-169

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   3. Regulation of Expression and Potential Carcinogenic Role of Cyclooxygenase-2

      • Byeong-Churl Jang, Timothy Hla

      Pages 171-184

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   4. Cyclooxygenase-2 and Cancer

      • Alane T. Koki, Kathleen M. Leahy, Janet M. Harmon, Jaime L. Masferrer

      Pages 185-203

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   5. Interactions of Cyclooxygenase and Aromatase Pathways in Normal and Malignant Breast Cells

      • Jeanette A. Richards, Robert W. Brueggemeier

      Pages 205-224

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   6. Association of COX-2 and PPARs in Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention

      • Tong-Chuan He

      Pages 225-244

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   7. Carcinogenesis Involving Cyclooxygenase and Lipoxygenase

      • Linda C. Hsi, Thomas E. Eling

      Pages 245-255

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The revelation that aspirin and aspirin-like compounds have notableantineo­ plastic properties has revolutionized cancer research. COX-2 Blockade in Cancer Prevention and Therapy chronicles the evidence and presents exciting new op­ portunities for the use of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) blockade in the prevention and treatment of cancer. The text is divided broadly into five areas. First, an historical overview documents the scientific discovery ofCOX-2 and the pharma­ ceutical development of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) designed for selective COX-2 inhibition. The process by which essential poly­ unsaturated fatty acids (PUF As) stimulate prostaglandin biosynthesis and cancer development, and its interruption by COX-2 inhibition, is elucidated. This is followed by a section on the epidemiology of NSAIDs and cancers of the colon and breast, and other anatomic sites. These chapters reflect significant cancer protection owing to the regular use of common NSAIDs such as aspirin and ibuprofen. A section on animal models of carcinogenesis presents comprehensive evidence that general NSAIDs inhibit a variety of malignant neoplasms in vivo, and highlights recent findings which show that COX-2 blocking agents produce striking chemopreventive effects against colon cancer and breast cancer as well as other malignancies. Genetic models are presented confirming the critical role of COX-2 in carcinogenesis. Section IV then discusses the molecular biology of COX -2 vis-a-vis the role of COX -2 and, to a lesser extent, COX -1, in modulating a number of important processes in molecular carcinogenesis such as mutagen­ esis, cell division, angiogenesis, cell differentiation, and apoptosis.

• Prevention of breast cancer
• cancer prevention
• chemoprevention
• prevention
• prevention and control
• tumorigenesis

"...a must, not only for oncologists but also for every family doctor, who is often the first to see a patient with a cancerous or precancerous or precancerous condition." -Lancet Oncology

"This comprehensive and up-to-date monograph demonstrates how COX-2 inhibitors and other NSaids reduce the risk of most cancers and provides cancer investigators by a clear and authoritative guide leading to the development of novel angst with significant antineoplastic properties." -Neoplasma

• The Ohio State University College of Medicine and School of Public Health, Columbus, USA

  Randall E. Harris

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