Catalytic and Kinetic Waves in Polarography

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xiv

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2. Basic Principles of the Polarographic Method

   • Stal’ G. Mairanovskii

   Pages 1-6

3. Currents Limited by the Rate of Chemical Reaction

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   Pages 7-55

4. Adsorption on the Electrode and the Electrode Processes

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   Pages 57-114

5. Electrode Processes with Antecedent Protonation Reaction

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   Pages 115-153

6. The Effect of the Double-Layer Structure on Electrode Processes

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   Pages 155-186

7. Electrode Processes with Participation of Adsorbed Compounds

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   Pages 187-220

8. Mixed Volume—Surface Waves

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   Pages 221-226

9. The Effect of Dimerization of Electrode Products on Processes with Reversible Electrochemical Stage

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   Pages 227-239

10. Catalytic Hydrogen Evolution at the Dropping Mercury Electrode Caused by Organic Catalysts

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    Pages 241-285

11. The Effect of Composition of Aqueous Organic Solvents on the Polarographic Behavior of Organic Compounds

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    Pages 287-309

12. The Effect of Antecedent Metal Ion Discharge on Polarographic Reduction Waves of Organic Compounds

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    Pages 311-321

13. Back Matter

    Pages 323-352

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As our knowledge of the mechanism of electrode processes increases, it becomes more and more apparent that the kinetic currents first observed by R. Brdicka and by K. Wiesner in the 1940's are very widely encountered. Very many electrode pro­ cesses contain a chemical stage. * This is true primarily of elec­ trode processes that involve organic compounds. Therefore, to understand the mechanism of electrode processes and, particular­ ly, to correctly interpret the results of polarographic investiga­ tions, it is important to know the characteristics and relationships controlling the chemical reactions taking place at the electrode surface. Generally, these reactions are substantially different from ordinary chemical reactions taking place in the bulk of the solution, since the reactions at the electrodes are often affected by the electric field of the electrode and the adsorption of the par­ ticipating compounds . The fact that hydrogen ions usuallY take part in the electro­ chemical reduction of organic compounds makes possible the use of electrochemical methods, particularly polarography, for the study of protolytic reactions. These reactions play an important role in organic chemistry: the majority of reactions of organic compounds in solutions go through a stage in which a hydrogen ion is removed or added (see, for example, [1, 2]). Therefore, the polarographic study of protolytic reactions can supply much important information to theoretical organic chemistry.

• Sorption
• adsorption
• chemical reaction
• chemistry
• hydrogen
• information
• organic chemistry
• reactions

• Institute of Organic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow, Russian

  Stal’ G. Mairanovskii

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