Progress in Electrorheology

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-ix

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2. The Evolution of ER from Discovery to Application

   1. The Evolution of ER from Discovery to Application

      • Willis M. Winslow

      Pages 1-2

3. Overview of ER Technology

   1. Overview of ER Technology

      • Frank E. Filisko

      Pages 3-18

4. General Considerations

   1. Recent Developments in ER Fluids

      • Harry Block, Paul Rattray

      Pages 19-42

   2. Novel Materials for Electrorheological Fluids

      • Kathleen O’Leary Havelka

      Pages 43-54

   3. Electrical Properties and the Strength of Electrorheological (ER) Fluids

      • Hans Conrad, Ying Chen

      Pages 55-85

   4. Conduction Processes in ER Fluids

      • Douglas A. Brooks

      Pages 87-106

   5. Electrostatic Forces in Electrorheological Fluids

      • L. C. Davis, J. M. Ginder

      Pages 107-114

5. Materials

   1. Surfactant-Activated Electrorheological Suspensions

      • Y. D. Kim, D. J. Klingenberg

      Pages 115-130

   2. Poly(ortho-toluidine hydrochloride) and Poly(aniline hydrochloride) as Semi-Conducting Polymers for Electrorheology Substrates

      • Keith M. Blackwood, George Tsangaris, Dmitri N. Vorobiev, Harry Block, Jacqueline Akhavan

      Pages 131-135

   3. Anhydrous Electrorheological Fluid Using Carbonaceous Particulate as Dispersed Phase

      • Yuichi Ishino, Takayuki Maruyama, Toshiyuki Ohsaki, Shigeki Endo, Tasuku Saito, Norio Goshima

      Pages 137-146

   4. Properties of Electrorheological Fluids Containing Numerously Sulfonated Polymer Particles

      • Yoshinobu Asako, Satoru Ono, Ryuji Aizawa, Toshihiro Kawakami

      Pages 147-156

   5. Preceramic Polymer Routes to Amorphous and Crystalline Aluminosilicate Powders for Electrorheological Applications. I

      • Rita Baranwal, Alexandra Zika, Brian L. Mueller, Richard M. Laine

      Pages 157-169

   6. Electrorheological Properties of Polyaniline Dispersions: Effects of Acid Dopant Concentration

      • Richard M. Webber

      Pages 171-184

   7. ER-Fluids Based on Polyurethane Dispersions: Structure and Properties

      • Robert Bloodworth, Eckhard Wendt

      Pages 185-193

6. Mechanisms

   1. The Impact of Crystalline Phase Morphology on the Water-Promoted Electrorheological Effect of Polysaccharides

      • Arthur J. Stipanovic, Jeffrey P. Schoonmaker

      Pages 195-205

   2. ER Fluid Inks: A Rainbow of Possibilities

      • K. D. Weiss, D. A. Nixon, J. D. Carlson, A. J. Margida

      Pages 207-213

   3. Effect of Cation Concentration on Electrorheological Activity of Amorphous Alumino-Silicates

      • Adam W. Schubring, Frank E. Filisko

      Pages 215-229

   4. High Field Conduction of Liquids in Contact with Polymeric Material with Reference to Electrorheological Fluids

      • P. Atten, J. N. Foulc, H. Benqassmi

      Pages 231-243

   5. Structure Evolution of Ferrofluid Emulsions

      • Jing Liu, Tawei Mou, Jackie Pousset

      Pages 245-250

This treatise is a compendium of refereed papers based on invited talks presented at the American Chemical Society Symposium on Electrorheological (ER) Materials and Fluids. ER fluids were first investigated 50+ years ago. These fluids, which change rheology when placed in an electric field, were recognized, from the beginning, for allowing an extremely efficient interface between electrical control and mechanical devices. Critical problems, however, existed with the initial fluids, which prevented them from serious consideration for large-scale applications. While over time some of the critical problems have been solved and activity in ER technology has increased, commercial success has remained elusive. A recent Department of Energy report concluded that a primary reason for the failure to commercialize this promising technology is due to a lack in understanding the physics and chemistry of how the materials work. The goal of the symposium was to address the issue of understanding how ER materials work and how they can be used. One of the outcomes of the symposium, which we hope is conveyed in this book, is a feeling that if the mechanism of ER is to be fully understood and improved, expertise from diverse fields must be applied to the problem.

• Polyurethan
• Polyurethane
• crystal
• liquid
• morphology
• polymer

• The Lubrizol Corporation, Wickliffe, USA

  Kathleen O’Leary Havelka

• The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA

  Frank E. Filisko

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