Induced Rhythms in the Brain

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xix

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2. Introduction to Induced Rhythms: A Widespread, Heterogeneous Class of Oscillations

   1. Introduction to Induced Rhythms: A Widespread, Heterogeneous Class of Oscillations

      • Theodore H. Bullock

      Pages 1-26

3. Oscillations in the Striate Cortex

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 27-27

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   2. Mechanisms Underlying the Generation of Neuronal Oscillations in Cat Visual Cortex

      • Charles M. Gray, Andreas K. Engel, Peter König, Wolf Singer

      Pages 29-45

   3. Stimulus-Specific Synchronizations in Cat Visual Cortex: Multiple Microelectrode and Correlation Studies from Several Cortical Areas

      • Reinhard Eckhorn, Thomas Schanze, Michael Brosch, Wageda Salem, Roman Bauer

      Pages 47-80

4. Cortical Rhythms, Ongoing (EEG) and Induced (ERPs)

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 81-81

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   2. The Rhythmic Slow Activity (Theta) of the Limbic Cortex: An Oscillation in Search of a Function

      • Fernando Lopes da Silva

      Pages 83-102

   3. Is There any Message Hidden in the Human EEG?

      • Hellmuth Petsche, Peter Rappelsberger

      Pages 103-116

   4. Event-Related Synchronization and Desynchronization of Alpha and Beta Waves in a Cognitive Task

      • Gert Pfurtscheller, Wolfgang Klimesch

      Pages 117-128

   5. Magnetoencephalographic Evidence for Induced Rhythms

      • Knud Saermark, Keld B. Mikkelsen, Erol Başar

      Pages 129-145

   6. Rostrocaudal Scan in Human Brain: A Global Characteristic of the 40-Hz Response During Sensory Input

      • Rodolfo R. Llinás, Urs Ribary

      Pages 147-154

   7. Evoked Potentials: Ensembles of Brain Induced Rhythmicities in the Alpha, Theta and Gamma Ranges

      • Erol Başar, Canan Başar-Eroglu, Ralph Parnefjord, Elke Rahn, Martin Schürmann

      Pages 155-181

   8. Predictions on Neocortical Dynamics Derived from Studies in Paleocortex

      • Walter J. Freeman

      Pages 183-199

   9. A Comparison of Certain Gamma Band (40-HZ) Brain Rhythms in Cat and Man

      • Robert Galambos

      Pages 201-216

   10. Human Visual Evoked Potentials: Induced Rhythms or Separable Components?

       • George R. Mangun

       Pages 217-231

5. Thalamic Oscillations

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 233-233

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   2. Network Properties of the Thalamic Clock: Role of Oscillatory Behavior in Mood Disorders

      • György Buzsáki

      Pages 235-250

   3. Mesopontine Cholinergic Systems Suppress Slow Rhythms and Induce Fast Oscillations in Thalamocortical Circuits

      • Mircea Steriade, Roberto Curró Dossi, Denis Paré

      Pages 251-267

   4. Oscillations in CNS Neurons: A Possible Role for Cortical Interneurons in the Generation of 40-Hz Oscillations

      • Rodolfo R. Llinás

      Pages 269-283

6. Cellular and Subcellular Mechanisms Based on Invertebrate and Simple Systems

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 285-285

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It is easy to imagine the excitement that pervaded the neurological world in the late 1920's and early 1930's when Berger's first descriptions of the electro­ encephalogram appeared. Berger was not the first to discover that changes in electric potential can be recorded from the surface of the head, but it was he who first systematized the method, and it was he who first proposed that explanatory correlations might be found between the electroencephalogram, brain processes, and behavioral states. An explosion of activity quickly fol­ lowed: studies were made of the brain waves in virtually every conceivable behavioral state, ranging from normal human subjects to those with major psychoses or with epilepsy, to state changes such as the sleep-wakefulness transition. There evolved from this the discipline of Clinical Electroencepha­ lography which rapidly took a valued place in clinical neurology and neuro­ surgery. Moreover, use of the method in experimental animals led to a further understanding of such state changes as attention-inattention, arousal, and sleep and wakefulness. The evoked potential method, derived from electro­ encephalography, was used in neurophysiological research to construct pre­ cise maps of the projection of sensory systems upon the neocortex. These maps still form the initial guides to studies of the cortical mechanisms in sensation and perception. The use of the event-related potential paradigm has proved useful in studies of the brain mechanisms of some cognitive functions of the brain.

• brain
• cortex
• electroencephalography (EEG)
• neurology
• neurons
• perception
• visual evoked potential (VEP)

• Institute of Physiology, Medical University Lübeck, Lübeck 1, Germany

  Erol Başar

• Department of Neurosciences, 0201, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA

  Theodore H. Bullock

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