Sulfhydryl and Disulfide Groups of Proteins

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-x

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2. Introduction

   1. Introduction

      • Yu. M. Torchinskii

      Pages 1-4

3. The Chemistry of SH and S—S Groups and Methods for Their Determination

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 5-5

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   2. The Chemical Properties of SH Groups Sulfhydryl Reagents

      • Yu. M. Torchinskii

      Pages 7-63

   3. Chemical Properties of S—S Groups and Methods for Their Scission

      • Yu. M. Torchinskii

      Pages 65-98

   4. Methods for the Quantitative Determination of SH and S—S Groups in Proteins

      • Yu. M. Torchinskii

      Pages 99-124

   5. The Reactivity of SH Groups in Proteins

      • Yu. M. Torchinskii

      Pages 125-138

4. The Role of SH and S—S Groups in Enzymes and Other Proteins

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 139-139

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   2. The Essential SH Groups of Enzymes and Methods for Their Identification

      • Yu. M. Torchinskii

      Pages 141-154

   3. The Role of SH Groups in Enzymes

      • Yu. M. Torchinskii

      Pages 155-206

   4. The Role of S—S Groups in Proteins

      • Yu. M. Torchinskii

      Pages 207-231

5. Back Matter

   Pages 233-275

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(Written for the original Russian edition) Out of all the functional groups of protein molecules that be­ long to the side chains of amino acid residues, the sulfhydryl or thiol (SH) groups of cysteine residues and the disulfide (S-S) groups of cystine have for long attracted particular attention from chemists and biochemists. This is due, on the one hand, to the high chemical reactivity of these groups, which enter into many, and often very characteristic and selective, reactions with several types of compound. On the other hand, this attention is connected with the great significance of SH and S-S groups for the specific functions of a number of enzymes, hormones, and other biological­ ly active proteins, and consequently for the normal course of many physiological processes. The varied functions of sulfhydryl and disulfide groups in en­ zymes are particularly interesting; their role can consist of bind­ ing substrates and cofactors, in direct participation in the catalytic act, or in maintaining (in ways not so far sufficiently studied) the native, catalytically active conformation of the protein. It is entirely natural that the detailed study of the chemical behavior and biological role of these sulfur-containing groups in proteins (and in such low-molecular cofactors as glutathione, co­ enzyme A, lipoiC acid, etc. ) has, in addition to its academic, gen­ eral biological interest, great Significance for many applied branches of medicine and biology (toxicology, radiobiology, diagnostics and therapeutics, biochemical engineering, plant growing, etc. ).

• amino acid
• biology
• enzyme
• enzymes
• protein
• proteins
• toxicology

• Institute of Molecular Biology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow, USSR

  Yu. M. Torchinskii

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