Oxygen Radicals in Biology and Medicine

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xxiv

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2. Introduction

   1. Introduction to Peroxidation and Antioxidation Mechanisms

      • Michael G. Simic, Karen A. Taylor

      Pages 1-10

3. Kinetics and Mechanisms

   1. The Redox Thermodynamics for Dioxygen Species (O2, O 2 - ·, HOO·, HOOH, and HOO-) and Monooxygen Species (O, O-·, ·OH, and -OH) in Water and Aprotic Solvents

      • Donald T. Sawyer

      Pages 11-20

   2. Electron Spin Resonance Investigations of Oxygen-Centered Free Radicals in Biological Systems

      • Ronald P. Mason, Kim M. Morehouse

      Pages 21-27

   3. Superoxide Chemistry in Non-Aqueous Media

      • Aryeh A. Frimer

      Pages 29-38

   4. Peroxy Radicals and Singlet Oxygen (1O2) from the Addition of Superoxide Ion (O 2 - ·) to CCl4, CF3CCl3, PhCCl3, N-BuBr and N-BuCl in Acetonitrile

      • Shigenobu Matsumoto, Hiroshi Sugimoto, Donald T. Sawyer

      Pages 39-42

   5. The Uniqueness Both of Superoxide Toxicity and of the Protective Role of Superoxide Dismutase

      • Gidon Czapski, Sara Goldstein

      Pages 43-46

   6. Peroxyl Radicals in Aqueous Media

      • C. von Sonntag

      Pages 47-54

   7. Aspects of the HO 2 · Elimination Reaction from Organic Peroxyl Radicals: Some Recent Examples

      • S. Das, O. J. Mieden, X.-M. Pan, M. Repas, M. N. Schuchmann, H.-P. Schuchraann et al.

      Pages 55-58

   8. Kinetic Studies of Alkoxyl Radicals

      • J. C. Scaiano

      Pages 59-66

   9. Radical-Induced Degradation of Organic Halogen and Sulfur Compounds in Oxygenated Aqueous Solutions

      • Klaus-Dieter Asmus, Manohar Lal, Jörg Mönig, Christian Schöneich

      Pages 67-73

   10. Thiyl Free Radical Metabolites of Thiol Drugs and Glutathione

       • Kathryn T. Knecht, Carolyn Mottley, Ronald P. Mason

       Pages 75-79

   11. Oxidation of Quinones by H2O2: Formation of Epoxy- and Hydroxyquinone Adducts and Electronically Excited States

       • Anders Brunmark, Enrique Cadenas

       Pages 81-86

   12. From Nitric Oxide to Desferal: Nitrogen Free Radicals and Iron in Oxidative Injury

       • Robin L. Willson

       Pages 87-99

   13. Singlet Oxygen: Current Mechanistic Aspects of Photo-Oxidation

       • A. A. Gorman

       Pages 101-104

   14. Homolysis of Substituted Anisoles: Substituent Effects on Phenoxyl Radical Stabilities

       • Stephen E. Stein, Mahendra M. Suryan

       Pages 105-114

   15. Redox Properties of Oxy and Antioxidant Radicals

       • Slobodan V. Jovanovic, Michael G. Simic

       Pages 115-122

4. Generation of Oxy Radicals

   1. The Role of Metals in Aqueous Superoxide Chemistry

      • Benon H. J. Bielski

      Pages 123-130

   2. Fenton Chemistry Revisited: Amino Acid Oxidation

      • E. R. Stadtman, B. S. Berlett

      Pages 131-136

   3. Iron Redox Reactions and Lipid Peroxidation

      • Steven D. Aust

      Pages 137-144

This book is based on the papers presented at the "Fourth International Congress on Oxygen Radicals (4-ICOR)," held June 27 - July 3, 1987, at the University of California, La Jolla. The chapters deal with the phenomena associated with highly reactive oxygen species (hydroxy, peroxy, alkoxy, aroxy, and superoxide radicals, as well as singlet oxygen) and their peroxidation products (hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxides, peroxides, and epoxides) as they relate to the fields of chemistry, food technology, nutrition, biology, pharmacology, and medicine. The kinetics, energetics, and mechanistic aspects of the reactions of these species and the interrelationship of oxygen radicals (or any other free radicals) and peroxidized products have been emphasized. Special attention is focused on the mechanisms of the generation of free radicals and peroxy products in biosystems and on the adverse effects of these radicals and products in humans. The topics span the continuum from the simple chemistry of model systems to the complex considerations of clinical medicine. The book also explores the mechanisms of agents that protect against free radicals and peroxy products in vitro and in vivo. These agents include antioxidants used in materials, food antioxidants, physiological antioxidants, and antioxienzymes (SOD, glutathione peroxidase, and catalases). The use of these inhibitors to prevent damage to organs being prepared for transplantation, thereby maintaining the quality of transplanted organs and/or extending their "shelf-life," also is examined.

• Oxidation
• antioxidant
• biology
• chemistry
• pharmacology

• National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, USA

  Michael G. Simic

• International Life Sciences Institute, USA

  Karen A. Taylor

• Univesity of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA

  John F. Ward

• Max-Planck-Institut für Strahlenchemie, Mülheim a.d. Ruhr, Federal Republic of Germany

  Clemens Sonntag

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