Platelet-Activating Factor and Related Lipid Mediators

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xxi

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2. Introduction Historical Aspects of Alkyl Lipids and Their Biologically Active Forms (Ether Lipids, Platelet-Activating Factor, and Antihypertensive Renal Lipids)

   1. Introduction Historical Aspects of Alkyl Lipids and Their Biologically Active Forms (Ether Lipids, Platelet-Activating Factor, and Antihypertensive Renal Lipids)

      • Fred Snyder

      Pages 1-5

3. Methodology and Chemistry

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 7-7

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   2. Chemical Synthesis and Mass Spectrometry of PAF

      • Robert C. Murphy, Keith L. Clay

      Pages 9-31

   3. Chromatographic Analyses of Ether-Linked Lipids Involved in PAF Metabolism

      • Merle L. Blank, Mitchell Robinson, Fred Snyder

      Pages 33-52

4. Composition

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 53-53

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   2. Composition of Alkyl Ether-Linked Phospholipids in Mammalian Tissues

      • Takayuki Sugiura, Keizo Waku

      Pages 55-85

5. Enzymes

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 87-87

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   2. Enzymatic Pathways for Platelet-Activating Factor, Related Alkyl Glycerolipids, and Their Precursors

      • Fred Snyder

      Pages 89-113

   3. Enzymatic Control of the Cellular Levels of Platelet-Activating Factor

      • Ten-Ching Lee

      Pages 115-133

6. Antagonists, Agonists, and Receptors

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 135-135

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   2. Platelet-Activating Factor Binding to Specific Cell Membrane Receptors

      • Frank H. Valone

      Pages 137-151

   3. The Chemical and Biological Properties of PAF Agonists, Antagonists, and Biosynthetic Inhibitors

      • T. Y. Shen, San-Bao Hwang, Thomas W. Doebber, James C. Robbins

      Pages 153-190

   4. Conformational Properties of the PAF-Acether Receptor on Platelets Based on Structure—Activity Studies

      • P. Braquet, J. J. Godfroid

      Pages 191-235

7. Biochemical and Biological Aspects in Specific Cells and Tissues

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 237-237

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   2. Diversity of the Biochemical and Biological Behavior of Platelet-Activating Factor

      • Raj Kumar, Donald J. Hanahan

      Pages 239-254

   3. Extracellular and Intracellular Activities of PAF

      • Peter M. Henson

      Pages 255-271

   4. Interrelationships in the Metabolism of Platelet-Activating Factor and Arachidonate in Neutrophils

      • Robert L. Wykle

      Pages 273-282

   5. Platelet-Activating Factor: Mechanisms of Cellular Activation

      • Joseph T. O’Flaherty

      Pages 283-298

   6. The Role of Platelet-Activating Factor in Inflammation

      • Giovanni Camussi, Jan R. Brentjens

      Pages 299-322

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is the commonly used name for a group of potent biologically active, ether-linked phospholipids, the alkylacetylglycerophospho­ cholines. Following the identification of the chemical structure of P AF in 1979, much progress has been made in our understanding of these phospholipid medi­ ators. This is particularly true from the points of view of their molecular structural requirements for expression of biological activity, their biosynthesis and cata­ bolism, their diverse range of biological activities, evidence for their specific recep­ tors at the cell surface, the development of specific antagonists for use in receptor studies and for testing as potential anti-PAF drugs, and implications about their involvement in health and disease. Chapters in this book cover the current status of these general areas of PAF research. Although an enormous amount of information has been published about this interesting new type of phospholipid mediators, questions about their mechanism of action, regulatory controls, and the precise role and relative importance of P AF in specific diseases and physiological functions remain to be answered. Since the 1979 discovery, the PAF field has brought together scientists from a variety of different biomedical disciplines. The diversity of scientists now in PAF research is very apparent from the number of P AF publications appearing in a wide array of scientific journals, ranging from molecular biology to clinical medicine. Publications related to PAF continue to increase at an amazingly rapid rate, with the pace reminiscent of the period following the discovery of prostaglandins.

• Lipid
• Mammalia
• development
• enzymes
• metabolism
• tissue

• Medical and Health Sciences Division, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, USA

  Fred Snyder

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