Advances in Cryogenic Engineering

1. Front Matter

   Pages N1-xiv

   PDF

2. General Remarks

   1. A Few Remarks on the Beginnings of the NBS-AEC Cryogenic Laboratory

      • F. G. Brickwedde

      Pages 1-4

   2. Research Facilities of the NBS-AEC Cryogenic Engineering Laboratory

      • K. D. Timmerhaus

      Pages 5-22

3. Cryogenic Equipment

   1. An Efficient Vacuum-Jacketed Liquid Nitrogen or Liquid Oxygen Storage Vessel

      • N. C. Hallett, H. W. Altman, M. L. Yeager, C. L. Newton

      Pages 23-26

   2. The Aluminum Dewar

      • H. A. Eichstaedt

      Pages 27-29

   3. Liquid Oxygen Equipment for Use in Aircraft

      • R. W. Roundy

      Pages 30-34

   4. The Refrigerated Transport Dewar

      • T. Stearns, D. J. Sandell, J. S. Burlew

      Pages 35-40

   5. Helium Refrigeration

      • A. Pastuhov

      Pages 41-43

   6. The Herrick L. Johnston Air Tactical Dewar

      • C. B. Hood Jr., H. W. Altman, M. L. Yeager, N. C. Hallett, L. D. Wagner

      Pages 44-48

4. Cryogenic Equipment (continued)

   1. Experimental Dewars Developed by the National Bureau of Standards

      • B. W. Birmingham, E. H. Brown, C. R. Class, A. F. Schmidt

      Pages 49-61

   2. A Re-Liquefying Hydrogen Refrigerator

      • G. E. McIntosh, D. B. Mann, J. Macinko, P. C. Vander Arend

      Pages 62-76

   3. Joining Aluminum to Stainless Steel

      • M. C. Smith, D. D. Rabb

      Pages 77-86

   4. The Transfer of Liquefied Gases

      • R. B. Jacobs, R. J. Richards, S. B. Schwartz

      Pages 87-94

   5. A Transfer Line for Liquefied Gases

      • K. B. Martin, O. E. Park

      Pages 95-104

   6. Performance of an Air Expansion Engine

      • J. E. Jensen

      Pages 105-110

   7. A High-Vacuum Seal-Off Valve

      • R. J. Richards

      Pages 111-113

5. Low Temperature Instrumentation

   1. Carbon Resistors, Pressure Transducers and Vibration Pickups used for Measurements of Temperature, Pressure and Vibration at Liquid Hydrogen Temperatures

      • D. J. Sandell, R. R. Lee, H. Newman, R. Kinkaid, R. Mercure

      Pages 114-121

   2. Continuous Analysis of Ortho-Parahydrogen Mixtures

      • D. H. Weitzel, R. L. Hershey

      Pages 122-125

   3. A Constant Temperature Control System for the Range, Room Temperature to -320°F

      • L. W. Brandt, L. Stroud, W. M. Deaton

      Pages 126-130

   4. A Hydrogen Gas Meter Unit with Remote Totalization of Flow

      • R. H. Kropschot

      Pages 131-137

More than sixty years have elapsed since Linde first liquefied air on a commercial scale and prepared the way for separating of other gaseous mixtures. His work, however, was not of an isolated nature. It was conceived eighteen years after air had, for the first time, been liquefied in the laboratory by Pictet in Geneva and Caillete in Paris. Linde's liquefaction of air was followed by Dewar's work on hydrogen liquefaction in London and by the setting up at Leiden of Kamerlingh Onnes's famous low temperature laboratory. These advances in low temperature or cryogenic technology have resulted in the establishment of a completely new and thriving industry. Cryogenic engineering is concerned with developing and improving low temperature processes, techniques, and equipment; determining the physical properties of structural and related materials used in producing, maintaining, and using low temperatures; and the practical application of low temperature techniques and processes. These low tempera­ tures are below those usually encountered in refrigerating engineering. It is rather difficult to assign a definite temperature which serves to divide refrigerating engineering from cryogenic engineering. A temperature below _lSOoC, however, is generally associated with cryogenic engineering.

• cryogenics
• engine
• flow
• hydrogen
• industry
• material
• materials
• mining
• nature
• radiation
• superconductivity
• technology
• temperature

• Chemical Engineering Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA

  K. D. Timmerhaus

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