The Brain Immune Axis and Substance Abuse

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-ix

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2. Introduction

   • Shannon Matta, David Saphier, Donald Lysle, Burt Sharp

   Pages 1-9

3. Detection of К-Opioid Receptor mRNA in Immature T Cells

   • Stanley M. Belkowski, Jinmin Zhu, Lee Y. Liu-Chen, Toby K. Eisenstein, Martin W. Adler, Thomas J. Rogers

   Pages 11-16

4. Identification of Opioid Receptors in the Immune System Using a Novel Combination of Selective Opioid Ligands and Indirect Phycoerythrin Immunofluorescence

   • Diane M. P. Lawrence, Sydney Archer, Jean M. Bidlack

   Pages 17-21

5. Kappa Opioid Receptors on Three Related Thymoma Cell Lines

   • Jean M. Bidlack, David B. Joseph, Diane M. P. Lawrence

   Pages 23-27

6. Delta Opioid Agonists Inhibit Proliferation of Highlypurified Murine CD4+ and CD8+ T-Cells

   • N. A. Shahabi, B. M. Sharp

   Pages 29-36

7. Mitogenic Activation of Human T Lymphocytes Induces a High Affinity Morphine Binding Site

   • John J. Madden, David Ketelsen, William L. Whaley, Robert M. Donahoe, Dorothy Oleson

   Pages 37-40

8. Morphine-Induced Suppression of Thymocyte Proliferation is Mediated by Inhibition of IL-2 Synthesis

   • Sabita Roy, Horace H. Loh, Roderick A. Barke

   Pages 41-48

9. Active β-Endorphin Metabolites Generated by T-Cell Ectopeptidases

   • Bonnie C. Miller, Dwain L. Thiele, Don Rodd, Louis B. Hersh, G. Larry Cottam

   Pages 49-56

10. The Cellular Basis for Opioid-Induced Immunosuppression

    • Liming Guan, Robert Townsend, Toby K. Eisenstein, Martin W. Adler, Thomas J. Rogers

    Pages 57-64

11. Endogenous Opioid Peptides Suppress Cytokine-Mediated Upregulation of HIV-1 Expression in the Chronically Infected Promonocyte Clone U1

    • Chun C. Chao, Genya Gekker, Wen S. Sheng, Shuxian Hu, Philip S. Portoghese, Phillip K. Peterson

    Pages 65-72

12. Relevance of Opioid Bimodality to Tolerance/Dependence Formation

    • Alan R. Gintzler

    Pages 73-83

13. Agonist Induced Constitutive Receptor Activation as a Novel Regulatory Mechanism

    • Wolfgang Sadée, Zaijie Wang

    Pages 85-90

14. Expression of Cannabinoid Receptor mRNA in Murine and Human Leukocytes

    • Yehia Daaka, Thomas W. Klein, Herman Friedman

    Pages 91-96

15. Cannabinoid Stimulation of Arachidonate Metabolism in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Leukocytes

    • Steven Specter, Sharon Diaz, Chang Liu

    Pages 97-101

16. Marijuana, Receptors and Immunomodulation

    • Herman Friedman, Thomas W. Klein, Catherine Newton, Yehia Daaka

    Pages 103-113

17. Mouse Strain Differences in in vivo and in vitro Immunosuppressive Effects of Opioids

    • Toby K. Eisenstein, Joseph J. Meissler Jr., Jeanine L. Bussiere, Thomas J. Rogers, Ellen B. Geller, Martin W. Adler

    Pages 115-121

18. The Clastogenicity of Morphine Sulfate in vivo

    • David B. Couch, Satin G. Sawant

    Pages 123-129

19. Cellular Mechanisms Involved in Morphine-Mediated Suppression of CTL Activity

    • Daniel J. J. Carr, Greg W. Carpenter, Hildegardo H. Garza Jr., Marc L. Baker, Bryan M. Gebhardt

    Pages 131-139

20. Evidence for the Involvement of Macrophage-Derived Nitric Oxide in the Immunomodulatory Effect of Morphine and Aversive Pavlovian Conditioning

    • Donald T. Lysle, Karamarie Fecho, Kimberly A. Maslonek, Linda A. Dykstra

    Pages 141-147

This volume represents the proceedings of the 2nd annual symposium on the Brain Immune Axis and Substance Abuse held at the Breakers Hotel in Palm Beach, FL in June 1994. The history of productive studies concerning the relationship between the nervous and the immune systems is relatively recent. Studies on the effects of drugs of abuse on the immune system and on infections among individuals who abuse drugs are also of recent vintage. Only in the last decade have investigators begun to describe the role of drugs of abuse and their endogenous counterparts on the brain-immune axis. Thus, the involvement of the neuroendocrine system in the interactions of drugs of abuse and the immune system has only recently been appreciated. In addition, it has been recognized that direct neural inputs impact immune function. Given the complexity of these interactions, characterization of biologically significant phenomena and elucidation of their mechanisms of action often requires a multidisciplinary approach. This meeting, on which the chapters in this book are based, brought together scientists from an array of biomedical disciplines whose work is focused on the effects of drugs of abuse on the neuro-endocrine immune axis. The meeting was unique in focusing on the brain-immune axis from the viewpoint of drugs of abuse rather than either immunity itself or the brain itself. Presentations addressed the direct effects of drugs of abuse on various components of the immune system, as well as those mediated indirectly by the central nervous system and the neuroendocrine system.

• brain
• immunology
• neuroscience
• research
• infectious diseases

• Hennepin County Medical Center and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA

  Burt M. Sharp

• Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA

  Toby K. Eisenstein

• Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA

  John J. Madden

• University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, USA

  Herman Friedman

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