Effects of Acid Precipitation on Terrestrial Ecosystems

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xi

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2. Introduction

   1. Introduction

      • T. C. Hutchison

      Pages 1-2

3. Address to Conference Delegates

   1. Address to Conference Delegates

      • Frank Maine

      Pages 3-7

4. The Nature of Precipitation Reaching the Forest Canopy and the Ground

   1. Wet and Dry Deposition of Sulphur and Nitrogen Compounds from the Atmosphere

      • David Fowler

      Pages 9-27

   2. An Estimation of the Atmospheric Input of Acidifying Substances to a Forest Ecosystem

      • Peringe Grennfelt, Curt Bengtson, Lena Skarby

      Pages 29-40

   3. Sulfur Dioxide Absorbed in Rain Water

      • Gode Gravenhorst, Sigfried Beilke, Martin Betz, Hans-Walter Georgii

      Pages 41-55

   4. Difficulties in Measuring Wet and Dry Deposition on Forest Canopies and Soil Surfaces

      • James N. Galloway, Geoffrey G. Parker

      Pages 57-68

   5. Wet and Dry Deposition of Sulfur at Hubbard Brook

      • John S. Eaton, Gene E. Likens, F. Herbert Bormann

      Pages 69-75

   6. Acid Snow - Snowpack Chemistry and Snowmelt

      • Hans M. Seip

      Pages 77-94

   7. Ion Relationships in Acid Precipitation and Stream Chemistry

      • G. M. Glover, A. S. Kallend, A. R. W. Marsh, A. H. Webb

      Pages 95-109

   8. The Sulfur Budget of Sweden

      • Svante Odén, Thorsten Ahl

      Pages 111-122

5. The Effect of Acidic Atmospheric Inputs on Vegetation

   1. Direct Effects

      1. Some Special Features of the Ecophysiological Effects of Air Pollution on Coniferous Forests during the Winter

         • Paavo Havas, Satu Huttunen

         Pages 123-131

      2. Regional and Local Effects of Air Pollution, Mainly Sulphur Dioxide, on Lichens and Bryophytes in Denmark

         • Ib Johnsen

         Pages 133-140

      3. Some Effects of Rain and Mist on Plants, with Implications for Acid Precipitation

         • H. B. Tukey Jr.

         Pages 141-150

      4. Experimental Studies on the Phototoxicity of Acidic Precipitation: The United States Experience

         • Jay S. Jacobson

         Pages 151-160

   2. The Influence of Vegetation in Modifying Atmospheric Inputs to the Soil

      1. Assessing the Contribution of Crown Leaching to the Element Content of Rainwater beneath Trees

         • K. H. Lakhani, H. G. Miller

         Pages 161-172

      2. Input to Soil, Especially the Influence of Vegetation in Intercepting and Modifying Inputs — A Review

         • R. Mayer, B. Ulrich

         Pages 173-182

6. Effect of Acid Precipitation on Soils

   1. The Acidification of Soils

      • Byron W. Bache

      Pages 183-202

   2. Effect of Low pH on the Chemical Structure and Reactions of Humic Substances

      • Morris Schnitzer

      Pages 203-222

   3. Podzolization: Mechanism and Possible Effects of Acid Precipitation

      • Leif Petersen

      Pages 223-237

This volume contains papers presented at a NATO Advanced Research Institute, sponsored by their Eco-Sciences Panel, on "The effects of acid precipitation on vegetation and soils," held at Toronto, Canada from May 22-26, 1978. The organizing expenses and greater part of the expenses of the speakers and chair~en were provided by N.A.T.O. The scientific programme was planned by T. C. Hutchinson together with an international planning committee of G. Abrahamsen (Norway), G. Likens (U.S.A.), F.E. Last (U.K.), C.O. Tamm (Sweden) and B. Ulrich (W. Germany). Many of the dimensions of the 'acid rain' problem are common to countries of northern Europe and North America. The developing awareness over the past ten years of the international nature of the acid rain phenomenon has lead to studies documenting damaging effects on susceptible freshwater bodies. Large areas of the Canadian Pre-Cambrian Shield, with its extension into the United States, and the granitic areas of southern Norwayand Sweden contain lakes which are in the process of acidification. The biological resources of these affected areas are of considerable national concern. However, while clearly damaging effects of acidification on freshwater systems have been well documented, the impact of acid precipitation on terrestrial systems has not been so well understood.

• Experiment
• Oxide
• Potential
• Vegetation
• ecosystem
• microorganism
• terrestrial ecosystem
• terrestrial ecosystems

• University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

  T. C. Hutchinson, M. Havas

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