Risk Analysis in the Private Sector

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-x

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2. Chemical Risk Management

   1. Chemical Risk Management: Introduction

      • Rae Zimmerman

      Pages 1-2

   2. A Generic Environmental Health Risk Model for Ranking the Toxic By-Products of Energy Systems

      • Thomas E. McKone, David Okrent, William E. Kastenberg

      Pages 3-14

   3. Private Sector Response Patterns to Risks from Chemicals

      • Rae Zimmerman

      Pages 15-32

   4. The Control of the Use Pattern and the Life of Metals for Risk Management: The Case of Lead

      • Kazuhiro Ueta, Tomitaro Sueishi

      Pages 33-56

   5. Acceptable Levels of Risk in Setting Chemical Standards

      • Paul S. Price

      Pages 57-66

   6. Integrated Risk Index System

      • G. R. Rosenblum, W. S. Effron, J. L. Siva, G. R. Mancini, R. N. Roth

      Pages 67-85

3. Occupational Risk Analysis

   1. Occupational Risk Analysis: Introduction

      • P. F. Deisler Jr.

      Pages 87-92

   2. Occupational Health and Safety Risk Analysis for Oil Shale

      • Lawrence B. Gratt

      Pages 93-104

   3. Quantitative Risk Assessment for Inorganic Arsenic: Determining a Significant Risk

      • Mary M. Yuracheck, Elisa R. Braver, Edward Stein

      Pages 105-120

   4. Analysis of Agency Estimates of Risk for Carcinogenic Agents

      • John G. Cobler, Fred D. Hoerger

      Pages 121-139

   5. A Training Program on Hazardous Materials for Non-Scientists

      • Aileen T. Compton

      Pages 141-147

   6. Inorganic Arsenic: Importance of Accurate Exposure Characterization for Risk Assessment

      • Steven H. Lamm, William H. Lederer

      Pages 149-163

   7. Lower-Bound Benefits of Air Pollution Reductions in the Munich Metropolitan Area (MMA)

      • Hans W. Gottinger

      Pages 165-176

   8. Environmental Risk Assessment in the Energy Field: Issues and Application to Policy

      • Ian M. Torrens

      Pages 177-188

   9. Risk Management in Household Detergent Control

      • Tohru Morioka

      Pages 189-206

4. Ethics and Values in Risk Analysis

   1. Ethics and Values in Risk Analysis: Introduction

      • Jeryl Mumpower

      Pages 207-208

   2. Product Liability: When does the Individual Assume the Risk?

      • William W. May

      Pages 209-215

   3. Three Types of Risk Assessment: A Methodological Analysis

      • Silvio O. Funtowicz, Jerome R. Ravetz

      Pages 217-231

   4. Legitimating Private Sector Risk Analysis: A U.S.-European Comparison

      • Sheila Jasanoff

      Pages 233-242

The theme of this volume--risk analysis in the private sector--reflects a changing emphasis in risk analysis. Until re­ cently, attention has been focused on risk analyses conducted in support of federal regulatory decision making. Such analyses have been used to help set safety standards, to illuminate issues of regulatory concern, and to evaluate regulatory alternatives. As this volume indicates, however, risk analysis encompasses a broader set of activities. Analyses performed by private sector institutions aimed at preventing or reducing potential adverse health or environmental effects also play an important part in societal risk management. In virtually all societies, there have been strong incentives for the private sector to conduct such analyses. These incentives range from moral or altruistic norms and values to simple self-interest based on fear of monetary loss, possible civil or criminal litigation, or punitive or restrictive government action. The papers in this volume address the overall theme from a variety of perspectives. Specifically, the papers represent con­ tributions from such diverse fields as toxicology, epidemiology, chemistry, biology, engineering, statistics, decision analysis, economics, psychology, philosophy, and the law.

• maintainability
• management
• materials
• reliability
• risk analysis
• risk management
• safety
• uncertainty
• quality control, reliability, safety and risk

• Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, USA

  Chris Whipple

• U.S. National Science Foundation, Washington, USA

  Vincent T. Covello

Policies and ethics