Molecular Cloning of Hormone Genes

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xvii

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2. Approaches to Gene Cloning

   • Joel F. Habener

   Pages 1-9

3. Gene Structure and Regulation

   • Joel F. Habener

   Pages 11-51

4. Insulin Genes

   • Shu Jin Chan

   Pages 53-68

5. The Glucagon Genes

   • Gerhard Heinrich, Joel F. Habener

   Pages 69-92

6. The Somatostatin Genes

   • Richard H. Goodman, Marc R. Montminy, Malcolm J. Low, Joel F. Habener

   Pages 93-119

7. The Human Growth-Hormone Gene Family

   • David D. Moore, Richard F Selden, Edouard Prost, Daniel S. Ory, Howard M. Goodman

   Pages 121-135

8. Glycoprotein Hormone Genes

   • William W. Chin

   Pages 137-172

9. Oxytocin and Vasopressin Genes

   • Dietmar Richter

   Pages 173-206

10. The Proopiomelanocortin Genes

    • Michael Uhler, Edward Herbert

    Pages 207-228

11. Enkephalin Genes

    • Ueli Gubler

    Pages 229-276

12. Calcitonin and Calcitonin-Related Peptide Genes

    • Michael G. Rosenfeld, Stuart Leff, Susan G. Amara, Ronald M. Evans

    Pages 277-301

13. Parathyroid Hormone Genes

    • Henry M. Kronenberg

    Pages 303-319

14. The Renin Gene

    • François Rougeon, Jean-Jacques Panthier, Inge Holm, Florent Soubrier, Pierre Corvol

    Pages 321-342

15. Nerve Growth Factor

    • Gerhard Heinrich

    Pages 343-363

16. Bombesin-Like Peptide Genes

    • Eliot R. Spindel

    Pages 365-390

17. Biosynthesis of Peptides in the Skin of Xenopus laevis

    • K. Richter, W. Hoffmann, R. Egger, G. Kreil

    Pages 391-404

18. cDNA Encoding Precursors of the Bee-Venom Peptides Melittin and Secapin

    • R. Vlasak, I. Malec, G. Kreil

    Pages 405-412

19. Yeast α-Factor Genes

    • Janet Kurjan

    Pages 413-434

20. Back Matter

    Pages 435-441

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The peptide hormones are small proteins that regulate cellular metabolism through their specific interactions with tissues of the endocrine, nervous, and immune systems, as well as in embry­ onic development. During the past ten years, refinements in the techniques of recombinant DNA technology have resulted in the cloning of genes encoding approximately 50 different hormonal and regulatory peptides, including those in which the peptides themselves and the mRNAs encoding the peptides are present in only trace amounts in the tissues of origin. In addition to provid­ ing the coding sequences of recognized hormonal and regulatory peptides, gene sequencing has uncovered new bioactive peptides encoded in the precursor pro hormones that are then liberated along with the hormonal peptides during cellular cleavages of the precursors. The encoding of multiple peptides in a single mono­ cistronic mRNA appears to be a genetic mechanism for the gener­ ation of biologic diversification without requiring amplification of gene sequences. Two of the objectives in the assembly of this book are to pre­ sent, in one volume, the known primary structures of the genes encoding several of the polypeptide hormones and related regulatory peptides, and to provide an account of the various ap­ proaches that have been used to identify and select the cloned genes encoding these polypeptides. The contents of the two in­ troductory chapters are intended to provide the reader with a brief background of the approaches to gene cloning and the struc­ ture and expression of hormone-encoding genes.

• DNA
• Peptide
• biology
• biosynthesis
• cloning
• gene
• gene expression
• immune system
• metabolism
• physiology
• protein
• protein structure
• proteins
• tissue
• transcription

• Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA

  Joel F. Habener

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