Viruses, Immunity, and Mental Disorders

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xiv

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2. Viruses and Organic Mental Disorders

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. The Transmissible Dementias and Other Brain Disorders Caused by Unconventional Viruses

      • D. Carleton Gajdusek

      Pages 3-22

   3. Prion Diseases

      • Stanley B. Prusiner, Ronald A. Barry, Michael P. McKinley, Carolyn G. Bellinger, Rudolf K. Meyer, Stephen J. DeArmond et al.

      Pages 23-32

   4. Transmission Studies of Psychiatric and Neurological Disease

      • R. M. Ridley, H. F. Baker, T. J. Crow

      Pages 33-45

   5. The Viral Hypothesis in Parkinson’s Disease and in Alzheimer’s Disease

      • Teresita S. Elizan, Jordi Casals

      Pages 47-59

   6. Organic Dementia of the Alzheimer Type

      • Melvyn J. Ball

      Pages 61-64

   7. Residual Mental Disorders after Herpesvirus Infections

      • Richard Greenwood

      Pages 65-80

   8. Infectious Mononucleosis and Psychiatric Disorders

      • Nelson Hendler

      Pages 81-94

   9. Psychiatric Aspects of AIDS

      • Richard J. Loewenstein, David R. Rubinow

      Pages 95-107

   10. AIDS Retrovirus and Other Viruses in Brain and Hematopoietic Cells of Patients in Early and Late Stages of the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

       • Ferenc Gyorkey, Joseph L. Melnick

       Pages 109-121

3. Viruses and Functional Mental Disorders

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 123-123

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   2. Genes and Viruses in Schizophrenia

      • Timothy J. Crow

      Pages 125-134

   3. Investigations on the Possible Role of Viruses Affecting the CNS in the Etiology of Schizophrenia and Related Mental Disorders

      • J. Rajčáni, H. Libíková, J. Smereková, V. Mucha, M. Kúdelová, J. Pogády et al.

      Pages 135-148

   4. Schizophrenia

      • Carlo Lorenzo Cazzullo, Domenico Caputo, Laura Bellodi, Cesare Maffei, Pasquale Ferrante, Fernanda Bergamini et al.

      Pages 149-155

   5. Paramyxoviruses in the Brain in Febrile Schizophrenia

      • Victor M. Vostrikov, Akim I. Oifa

      Pages 157-160

   6. Cytotoxic CSF from Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Patients

      • G. R. Taylor, G. I. Carter, T. J. Crow

      Pages 161-171

   7. Antibody- and Cell-Mediated Immunity to Herpes Simplex and Epstein—Barr Viruses in Psychotic Patients

      • T. Gotlieb-Stematsky, S. Floru, D. Becker, E. Kritchman, S. Leventon-Kriss

      Pages 173-177

   8. Demonstration of Antibodies to Borna Disease Virus in Patients with Affective Disorders

      • Jay D. Amstrdam, Andrew Winokur, William Dyson, Sibylle Herzog, Francisco Gonzalez, Rudolf Rott et al.

      Pages 179-185

4. In Vivo and in Vitro Models for Viral Etiology of Neuropsychiatric Diseases

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 187-187

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In spite of progress in biomedical research, we know little about the causes, prevention, and treatment of the numerous mental and neurological disorders that afflict up to 15% of all individuals. In the last decade, great advances have been made in the physiopathology of mental and neurological disorders, leading to at least a partial control of Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, certain psychoses, and anxiety syndromes. Despite the fact that an underlying specific neurotransmitter deficiency has been demonstrated in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, the immune dysfunction and viral hypotheses continue to be attractive for investigators dealing with these degenerative diseases of the aging brain, which afflict 10% of senior citizens. A retrospective epidemiologic study suggests that the encephalitis lethargica and parkinsonism were almost certainly caused by the 1918 influenza virus pandemics. It must be stressed that the etiopathogenesis of many mental disorders is not known, and this ignorance has led to several untenable neurophysiological and biochemical hypotheses. Epidemiologic investigations show a high prevalence of functional psychoses and organic mental disorders. Although many of them are conceptualized as biopsychosocial disorders, recent data indicate that the biological component appears more and more as a major etiologic factor. Among the various biological hypotheses, the viral and im­ munologic concept has become a significant one. In view of recent discoveries in virology and immunity, it becomes clear that viral and immunologic hypotheses should be inves­ tigated more systematically concerning the mechanisms of numerous mental and neu­ rological disorders.

• Alzheimer
• Parkinson
• Syndrom
• pandemics
• prevention
• virus
• infectious diseases

• Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada

  Edouard Kurstak

• International Comparative Virology Organization, Montreal, Canada

  Edouard Kurstak

• Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

  Z. J. Lipowski

• Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Toronto, Canada

  Z. J. Lipowski

• World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

  P. V. Morozov

• Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow, USSR

  P. V. Morozov

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