Terrestrial Space Radiation and Its Biological Effects

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-x

   PDF

2. Introduction

   1. Introduction

      • H. Bücker

      Pages 1-3

3. Radiation Environment in Space

   1. The Earths’s Trapped and Transient Space Radiation Environment

      • E. G. Stassinopoulos

      Pages 5-35

   2. Ambient Electron Density Distribution at about 500 km Altitude at the Earth’s Ionosphere

      • Y. K. Tulunay

      Pages 37-40

   3. The Space Radiation Environment at 840 km

      • E. G. Mullen, M. S. Gussenhoven, D. A. Hardy

      Pages 41-60

   4. Solar Proton Event Forecasts

      • J. W. Hirman

      Pages 61-70

   5. Radiation Hazards in Low Earth Orbit, Polar Orbit, Geosynchronous Orbit, and Deep Space

      • Percival D. McCormack

      Pages 71-96

   6. Analysis of the Radiative Risk During Hermes Missions

      • J. Bourrieau, B. Comet

      Pages 97-116

4. Biological Effects of Space Radiation

   1. Heavy Ion Effects

      1. Heavy Ion Effects on Cells: An Approach to Theoretical Understanding

         • J. Kiefer

         Pages 117-127

      2. Cosmic Ray HZE Particle Effects in Biological Systems: Results of Experiments in Space

         • G. Horneck

         Pages 129-152

      3. Effects of Low and High LET Radiation on Neoplastic Transformation in Cells and the Importance of Single Track Effects in Space

         • Stanley B. Curtis

         Pages 153-161

      4. Effects of LET, Fluence and Particle Energy on Inactivation, Chromosomal Aberrations and DNA Strand Breaks

         • G. Kraft

         Pages 163-184

      5. Induction of Chromosome Aberrations in Chinese Hamster Cells After Heavy Ion Irradiation

         • S. Ritter, G. Kraft

         Pages 185-191

      6. Heavy Ion Radiation Effects on Single Spores of Bacillus Subtilis

         • U. Micke, J. U. Schott, G. Horneck, H. Bücker

         Pages 193-196

      7. Biological Action of Heavy Ion Irradiation on Individual Yeast Cells

         • Michael Kost, Jürgen Kiefer

         Pages 197-203

      8. Delta-Electron Emission in Heavy Ion Collisions

         • S. Schmidt, C. Kelbch, H. Schmidt-Böcking, G. Kraft

         Pages 205-212

   2. Genetic Effects

      1. The Role of Repair Processes in Cellular and Genetical Response to Radiation

         • Hedi Fritz-Niggli

         Pages 213-235

      2. Reactions of Genetic Systems to Heavy Ions: Acute and Late Effects

         • Hedi Fritz-Niggli, Cristina Schäppi-Büchi, K. Schäppi

         Pages 237-250

      3. Nature of Radiation Induced Mutations: Experimental Approaches on the Question of Intragenic Events

         • E. G. Sideris

         Pages 251-263

      4. Genetic and Developmental Responses of Radiation Sensitive Mutants of the Nematode, <u>C. elegans</u>, to Ultraviolet, High and Low LET Radiation

         • Thomas Coohill, Tamara Marshall, Wayne Schubert, Gregory Nelson

         Pages 265-276

This volume is based on the proceedings of an Advanced Study Institute (ASI) sponsored by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) held October 1987 in Corfu, Greece. The Institute received financial support from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, U.S.A. Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, U.S.A. Department of Energy, U.S.A. Deutsche Forschungs-und Versuchanstalt fur Luft­ und Raumfahrt e.v., Kaln, Germany The advent of the shuttle era is providing fresh impetus for large space ventures such as communication centers, solar power stations, astronomical observatories, orbiting factories, and space based radar. Such ventures will rely heavily on an extensive and prolonged human presence in space doing in-orbit construction, maintenance, and opera­ tion. Among the advantages of location in space are the near zero gravity environment, commanding location, and the reception of solar energy and astronomical signals unattenuated by the atmosphere. Central to long-term manned space missions are the problems associated with the effects of exposure to ionizing radiations on humans. Manned space mis­ sions in the past have encountered relatively benign radiation environ­ ments because of their very short duration and orbit configuration. However, crew stay time of up to a year has been recently achieved by the Soviet space program; and Mars missions lasting several years are under serious consideration.

• X-ray
• biological effects
• biology
• ionizing
• physiology
• temperature
• tissue

• NASA Headquarters, USA

  Percival D. McCormack

• Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, USA

  Charles E. Swenberg

• Institute for Flight Medicine, Cologne, West Germany

  Horst Bücker

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