Somatostatin

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xvi

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2. Somatostatin-General Biology

   1. Somatostatin Gene Structure and Regulation

      • Mario Vallejo

      Pages 1-16

   2. Processing and Intracellular Targeting of Somatostatin

      • Rania Mouchantaf, Yogesh C. Patel, Ujendra Kumar

      Pages 17-27

   3. Cortistatin- A Novel Member of the Somatostatin Gene Family

      • Véronique Fabre, Avron D. Spier, Raphaëlle Winsky-Sommerer, José R. Criado, Luis de Lecea

      Pages 29-45

   4. Molecular Evolution of Somatostatin Genes

      • Hervé Tostivint, Michele Trabucchi, Mauro Vallarino, J. Michael Conlon, Isabelle Lihrmann, Hubert Vaudry

      Pages 47-64

   5. Altered Patterns of Growth Hormone Secretion in Somatostatin Knockout Mice

      • Malcolm J. Low, Marcelo Rubinstein, Veronica Otero-Corchon

      Pages 65-80

3. Expression and Function of Somatostatin Receptors

   1. Somatostatin Receptor Gene Family - Subtype Selectivity for Ligand Binding

      • Jason P. Hannon, Christian Bruns, Gisbert Weckbecker, Daniel Hoyer

      Pages 81-106

   2. Expression of Somatostatin Receptors in Human Tissues in Health and Disease

      • Jean Claude Reubi, Beatrice Waser, Jean-Claude Schaer

      Pages 107-121

   3. Coexpression of Multiple Somatostatin Receptors in Individual Cells

      • Robert Gardette, Florence Petit, Stéphane Peineau, Christophe Lanneau, Jacques Epelbaum

      Pages 123-142

   4. Somatostatin Receptor Subtype Selectivity for Cytotoxic and Cytostatic Signaling

      • Coimbatore B. Srikant

      Pages 143-157

   5. Somatostatin Receptor Signaling via Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases

      • Hicham Lahlou, Julie Guillermet, Fabienne Vernejoul, Stéphane Pyronnet, Corinne Bousquet, Louis Buscail et al.

      Pages 159-167

   6. Expression and Function of Somatostatin and its Receptors in Immune Cells

      • David E. Elliott

      Pages 169-184

   7. Physiology of Somatostatin Receptors: From Genetics to Molecular Analysis

      • Hans-Jürgen Kreienkamp, Chong Wee Liew, Dietmar Bächner, Marie-Germaine Mameza, Michaela Soltau, Arne Quitsch et al.

      Pages 185-202

4. Applications in Disease

   1. Somatostatin Receptor Imaging

      • Dik J. Kwekkeboom, Marion de Jong, Eric P. Krenning

      Pages 203-214

   2. Somatostatin Analogs in the Treatment of Pituitary Tumors

      • Annamaria Colao

      Pages 215-231

   3. Somatostatin Receptor Targeted-Radio-Ablation of Tumors

      • Marion de Jong, Roelf Valkema, Dik J Kwekkeboom, Eric P Krenning

      Pages 233-249

   4. Somatostatin Analogue Therapy of Neuro-Endocrine Gastro-Entero Pancreatic Tumors

      • Kjell Öberg

      Pages 251-270

   5. Vascular Effects of Somatostatin

      • Pekka Häyry, Einari Aavik

      Pages 271-288

   6. The Use of Somatostatin Analogues in Diabetic Retinopathy

      • Lois E. H. Smith, Maria B. Grant

      Pages 289-295

5. The Future

   1. Somatostatin and its Receptors: Past, Present and the Future

      • Coimbatore B. Srikant

      Pages 297-302

Thirty years have passed since somatostatin was discovered and its hormonal function defined [1,2]. The wide range of anatomical distribution and actions of somatostatin and its receptors stimulated intense scientific and clinical interest, and fostered extensive research into all aspects of its biology including regulation of its gene expression, processing of its precursor, biological and cellular actions relating to regulation cell secretion, motility and proliferation. The development of metabolically stable peptide analogs helped define its usefulness in the treatment of endocrine diseases and cancer. The heterogeneity of somatostatin receptors recognized in 1981 [3] was later shown to result from the existence and variable expression of five distinct subtypes that constitutes two distinct subfamilies with distinguishing pharmacological characteristics [4,5]. The molecular cloning of these receptor subtypes reignited the interest in this field leading to a major increase in our insight into the biology of somatostatin and its receptor subtypes, and has led to the design and development of subtype-selective peptide and non-peptide agonists and antagonists. Significant progress has been made in both basic and clinical research on somatostatin. Noteworthy developments include the role of somatostatin in neuronal patterning, delineation of subtype-selective cytostatic / cytotoxic antiproliferative actions, manipulation of cellular signaling by oligomeric association of somatostatin receptor subtypes amongst themselves or with other G protein-coupled receptors, application of radionuclide-tagged derivatives to localize somatostatin receptor positive tumors and their treatment through targeted delivery of radionuclide or chemotoxin tagged agonists through receptor-mediated endocytosis.

• apoptosis
• biology
• cancer
• cell
• genetics
• hormones
• imaging
• physiology
• research
• tissue

"Since the discovery of somatostatin barely 30 years ago, the mechanism of action of this ubiquitous peptide has been rigorously investigated. This volume contains a comprehensive tour de force of advances in molecular, cellular, and physiologic aspects of somatostatin function and action, will be a useful resource for understanding current concepts of this hormone action, and also illuminates future directions for further investigation in this important area of peptide biology."
(Shlomo Melmed, M.D., Series Editor, Endocrine Updates)

• Department of Medicine, McGill University Heath Center, Montréal, Canada

  Coimbatore B. Srikant

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