Screening for Depression and Other Psychological Problems in Diabetes

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xviii

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2. What, Why, When and How Should We Screen for Depression?

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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3. What, why, when and how should we screen for depression?

   1. Why and When Should We Screen for Depression and Other Psychological Problems?

      • Norbert Hermanns

      Pages 3-26

   2. Disentangling Clinical Depression from Diabetes-Specific Distress: Making Sense of the Mess We’ve Made

      • Sabrina A. Esbitt, Molly L. Tanenbaum, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez

      Pages 27-46

   3. Key Concepts in Screening for Depression in People with Diabetes

      • Richard I. G. Holt, Christina M. Van der Feltz-Cornelis

      Pages 47-65

   4. Cultural Applicability of Screening Tools for Measuring Symptoms of Depression

      • Tapash Roy, Cathy E. Lloyd

      Pages 67-86

   5. Top Ten Screening Tools for Measuring Depression in People with Diabetes

      • Cathy E. Lloyd, Tapash Roy

      Pages 87-115

4. Screening for Depression in Different Settings

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 117-117

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5. Screening for depression in different settings

   1. Measuring Depression in Children and Young People

      • Korey K. Hood, Diana M. Naranjo, Katharine Barnard

      Pages 119-138

   2. Depression in Older Adults with Diabetes: Measurement and Implications for Care

      • Elizabeth A. Beverly, Katie Weinger

      Pages 139-159

   3. Screening for Depression in People with Diabetes in Primary Care

      • Margaret A. Stone, Paramjit S. Gill

      Pages 161-180

   4. Screening in Secondary Care

      • Mirjana Pibernik-Okanović, Dea Ajduković

      Pages 181-197

   5. Measuring and Assessing Depression in People with Diabetes: Implications for Clinical Practice

      • Frans Pouwer, Evan Atlantis

      Pages 199-209

6. Back Matter

   Pages 211-220

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This book is divided into two main sections, and covers a broad range of issues important for health practitioners to be aware of when caring for people with co-morbid diabetes and depression. Section One of the book contains the overall ideas and the more recent developments in measuring psychological morbidity in people with diabetes. When attempting to identify people with depression or other psychological problems, it is important for practitioners to recognize the limitations of screening as well as its utility. Issues such as the basic principles regarding when and when not to screen, the cultural applicability of tools, different questionnaire formats and key concepts such as sensitivity and specificity of tools, and their positive and negative predictive value, will be considered. In particular there has been increased interest in the concept of diabetes-related distress and several tools have been developed to measure this. There are broad-based measures of distress such as the Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) scale, the Diabetes Adjustment Scale (DAS), The Diabetes Health Profile, The Fear of Hypoglycemia Scale, etc. There are also a range of generic quality of life tools which have been used effectively in people with diabetes; for example the Medical Outcomes Survey Short-Forms (SF36, SF12), the World Health Organisation Well-being questionnaire (WHO-5) and the EQ5-D. These tools are important because they measure aspects of psychological well-being that are specifically associated with the experience of having a long-term conditions and so have important implications for both self-care and health care practice. The potential overlap of symptoms of depression and symptoms of diabetes-related distress are considered in this section and the implications for practice discussed. Section Two covers the most commonly used tools that have been used to screen for depression. For each tool considered some information which is easily referred to by the readeris set out in a table which includes details of the authors, time of first use, country where it was first developed, some examples of the questions used, the languages it is available in, data on sensitivity/specificity. Each instrument will then be discussed in terms of its use in research as well as practice, and its applicability in different patient groups, different cultural settings and so on. Guidance on the practical use of each tool is included, and the most popular depression screening tools are focussed on.

• Depression
• Diabetes
• Diabetes-related distress
• Screening
• Well-being

• , Faculty of Health & Social Care, Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom

  Cathy E. Lloyd

• Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands

  Frans Pouwer

• Wuerzburg, Germany

  Norbert Hermanns

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