Recoding: Expansion of Decoding Rules Enriches Gene Expression

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xix

   PDF

2. Redefinition

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

      PDF

   2. Selenocysteine Biosynthesis, Selenoproteins, and Selenoproteomes

      • Vadim N. Gladyshev, Dolph L. Hatfield

      Pages 3-27

   3. Reprogramming the Ribosome for Selenoprotein Expression: RNA Elements and Protein Factors

      • Marla J. Berry, Michael T. Howard

      Pages 29-52

   4. Translation of UAG as Pyrrolysine

      • Joseph A. Krzycki

      Pages 53-77

   5. Specification of Standard Amino Acids by Stop Codons

      • Olivier Namy, Jean-Pierre Rousset

      Pages 79-100

   6. Ribosome “Skipping”: “Stop-Carry On” or “StopGo” Translation

      • Jeremy D. Brown, Martin D. Ryan

      Pages 101-121

   7. Recoding Therapies for Genetic Diseases

      • Kim M. Keeling, David M. Bedwell

      Pages 123-146

3. Frameshifting – Redirection of Linear Readout

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 147-147

      PDF

   2. Pseudoknot-Dependent Programmed —1 Ribosomal Frameshifting: Structures, Mechanisms and Models

      • Ian Brierley, Robert J.C. Gilbert, Simon Pennell

      Pages 149-174

   3. Programmed —1 Ribosomal Frameshift in the Human Immunodeficiency Virus of Type 1

      • Léa Brakier-Gingras, Dominic Dulude

      Pages 175-192

   4. Ribosomal Frameshifting in Decoding Plant Viral RNAs

      • W. Allen Miller, David P. Giedroc

      Pages 193-220

   5. Programmed Frameshifting in Budding Yeast

      • Philip J. Farabaugh

      Pages 221-247

   6. Recoding in Bacteriophages

      • Roger W. Hendrix

      Pages 249-258

   7. Programmed Ribosomal −1 Frameshifting as a Tradition: The Bacterial Transposable Elements of the IS3 Family

      • Olivier Fayet, Marie-Françoise Prère

      Pages 259-280

   8. Autoregulatory Frameshifting in Antizyme Gene Expression Governs Polyamine Levels from Yeast to Mammals

      • Ivaylo P. Ivanov, Senya Matsufuji

      Pages 281-300

   9. Sequences Promoting Recoding Are Singular Genomic Elements

      • Pavel V. Baranov, Olga Gurvich

      Pages 301-320

   10. Mutants That Affect Recoding

       • Jonathan D. Dinman, Michael O’Connor

       Pages 321-344

   11. The E Site and Its Importance for Improving Accuracy and Preventing Frameshifts

       • Markus Pech, Oliver Vesper, Hiroshi Yamamoto, Daniel N. Wilson, Knud H. Nierhaus

       Pages 345-362

4. Discontiguity

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 363-363

      PDF

The literature on recoding is scattered, so this superb book ?lls a need by prov- ing up-to-date, comprehensive, authoritative reviews of the many kinds of recoding phenomena. Between 1961 and 1966 my colleagues and I deciphered the genetic code in Escherichia coli and showed that the genetic code is the same in E. coli, Xenopus laevis, and guinea pig tissues. These results showed that the code has been c- served during evolution and strongly suggested that the code appeared very early during biological evolution, that all forms of life on earth descended from a c- mon ancestor, and thus that all forms of life on this planet are related to one another. The problem of biological time was solved by encoding information in DNA and retrieving the information for each new generation, for it is easier to make a new organism than it is to repair an aging, malfunctioning one. Subsequently, small modi?cations of the standard genetic code were found in certain organisms and in mitochondria. Mitochondrial DNA only encodes about 10–13 proteins, so some modi?cations of the genetic code are tolerated that pr- ably would be lethal if applied to the thousands of kinds of proteins encoded by genomic DNA.

• Amino acid
• Codons
• RNA
• Translation
• Viruses
• gene expression
• genes
• genetics
• microbiology
• mutant
• proteins
• tRNA
• transcription
• virus

• Molecular Biology Program, University of Utah, Salt Late City, U.S.A.

  John F. Atkins

• Dept. Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, U.S.A.

  Raymond F. Gesteland

Policies and ethics