The Design of Low Noise Oscillators

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xii

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2. Introduction

   Pages 1-3

3. Frequency Instability Fundamentals

   Pages 5-16

4. Review of Existing Models

   Pages 17-30

5. Time-Variant Phase Noise Model

   Pages 31-78

6. Jitter and Phase Noise in Ring Oscillators

   Pages 79-110

7. Phase Noise in Differential LC Oscillators

   Pages 111-128

8. Extension of the Model to Multiple Noise Sources

   Pages 129-142

9. Conclusion

   Pages 143-152

10. Back Matter

    Pages 145-187

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It is hardly a revelation to note that wireless and mobile communications have grown tremendously during the last few years. This growth has placed stringent requi- ments on channel spacing and, by implication, on the phase noise of oscillators. C- pounding the challenge has been a recent drive toward implementations of transceivers in CMOS, whose inferior 1/f noise performance has usually been thought to disqualify it from use in all but the lowest-performance oscillators. Low noise oscillators are also highly desired in the digital world, of course. The c- tinued drive toward higher clock frequencies translates into a demand for ev- decreasing jitter. Clearly, there is a need for a deep understanding of the fundamental mechanisms g- erning the process by which device, substrate, and supply noise turn into jitter and phase noise. Existing models generally offer only qualitative insights, however, and it has not always been clear why they are not quantitatively correct.

• CMOS
• Phase
• analog
• communication
• field-effect transistor
• metal semiconductor field-effect transistor
• model

• California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA

  Ali Hajimiri

• Stanford University, Palo Alto, USA

  Thomas H. Lee

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