Cryocoolers 11

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xvii

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2. Government Cryocooler Development and Test Programs

   1. Military Space Cryogenic Cooling Requirements for the 21st Century

      • Thom Davis, B. J. Tomlinson, Jim Ledbetter

      Pages 1-9

   2. Status of Programs for the DoD Family of Linear Drive Cryogenic Coolers for Weapon Systems

      • W. E. Salazar

      Pages 11-16

   3. Air Force Research Laboratory Cryocooler Characterization and Endurance Update

      • B. J. Tomlinson, C. H. Yoneshige, N. S. Abhyankar

      Pages 17-25

   4. Air Force Research Laboratory Cryocooler Reliability Initiatives

      • S. Blankenship, T. Lynn Fountain, T. M. Davis, B. J. Tomlinson

      Pages 27-33

3. Space Stirling Cryocooler Developments

   1. Protoflight Spacecraft Cryocooler Performance Results

      • Kenneth Price, John Reilly, Nandu Abhyankar, Ben Tomlinson

      Pages 35-43

   2. Characterization of Raytheon’s 60 K 2W Protoflight Spacecraft Cryocooler

      • N. S. Abhyankar, C. H. Yoneshige, B. J. Tomlinson, J. Reilly

      Pages 45-53

   3. The Development of a 10 K Closed Cycle Stirling Cooler for Space Use

      • G. Baker, D. Féger, A. Little, A. H. Orlowska, T. W. Bradshaw, M. Crook et al.

      Pages 55-61

   4. Development of a 12 K Stirling Cycle Precooler for a 6 K Hybrid Cooler System

      • W. J. Gully, D. S. Glaister, D. W. Simmons

      Pages 63-68

   5. Thermodynamic Optimization of Multi-Stage Cryocoolers

      • C. S. Kirkconnell, K. D. Price

      Pages 69-78

4. Long-Life Tactical and Commercial Stirling Coolers

   1. The Advent of Low Cost Cryocoolers

      • R. Z. Unger, R. B. Wiseman, M. R. Hummon

      Pages 79-86

   2. Performance and Reliability Improvements in a Low-Cost Stirling Cycle Cryocooler

      • M. Hanes

      Pages 87-95

   3. Development of a Long-Life Stirling Cryocooler

      • Y. Ikuta, Y. Suzuki, K. Kanao, N. Watanabe

      Pages 97-102

   4. Flexure Springs Applied to Low-Cost Linear Drive Cryocoolers

      • R. M. Rawlings, S. Miskimins

      Pages 103-110

   5. High Reliability Coolers under Development at Signaal-USFA

      • M. Meijers, A. A. J. Benschop, J. C. Mullié

      Pages 111-118

5. Long-Life Commercial Pulse Tube Coolers

   1. Development of a Long-Life Stirling Pulse Tube Cryocooler for a Superconducting Filter Subsystem

      • Y. Hiratsuka, K. Murayama, Y. Maeda, F. Imai, K. Y. Kang, Y. Matsubara

      Pages 119-124

   2. Development of a 5W at 65 K Air-Cooled Pulse Tube Cryocooler

      • S -Y Kim, J -J Park, S -T Kim, W -S Chung, H -K Lee

      Pages 125-129

6. Space Pulse Tube Cryocooler Developments

   1. TES FPC Flight Pulse Tube Cooler System

      • J. Raab, S. Abedzadeh, R. Colbert, J. Godden, D. Harvey, C. Jaco

      Pages 131-138

   2. The AIM Space Cryocooler Program

      • I. Rühlich, H. Korf, Th. Wiedmann

      Pages 139-144

   3. Miniature Pulse Tube Cryocooler for Space Applications

      • T. C. Nast, P. J. Champagne, V. Kotsubo, J. Olson, A. Collaco, B. Evtimov et al.

      Pages 145-154

Over the last two years we have witnessed a continuation in the breakthrough shift toward pulse tube cryocoolers for long-life, high-reliability cryocooler applications. One class of pulse tubes that has reached maturity is referred to as "Stirling type" because they are based on the linear Oxford Stirling-cooler type compressor; they generally provide cooling in the 30 to 100 K temperature range and operate at frequencies from 30 to 60 Hz. The other type of pulse tube cooler making great advances is the so-called "Gifford-McMahon type. " Pulse tube coolers of this type use a G-M type compressor and lower frequency operation to achieve temperatures in the 2 to 10 K temperature range. Nearly a third of this proceedings covers these new developments in the pulse tube arena. Complementing the work on low-temperature pulse tubes is substantial continued progress on rare earth regenerator materials and Gifford-McMahon coolers. These technologies continue to make great progress in opening up the 2 - 4 K market. Also in the commercial sector, continued interest is being shown in the development of long-life, low-cost cryocoolers for the emerging high temperature superconductor electronics market, particularly the cellular telephone base-station market. At higher temperature levels, closed-cycle J-T or throttle-cycle refrigerators are taking advantage of mixed refrigerant gases, spearheaded in the former USSR, to achieve low-cost cr- cooler systems in the 65 - 80 K temperature range.

• electronics
• material
• refrigeration
• space

• Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena

  R. G. Ross

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