Twenty Years of Ozone Decline

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xii

   PDF

2. Opening Ceremony

   1. Welcome Address

      • Gregory Skalkeas

      Pages 3-4

   2. Statement from the Executive Secretary for the Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol

      • Marco Gonzalez

      Pages 5-8

   3. Opening Address

      • Georgios Souflias

      Pages 9-11

   4. Science Inspiring Diplomacy: The Improbable Montreal Protocol

      • Richard E. Benedick

      Pages 13-19

3. Keynote Speeches

   1. Stratospheric Ozone Depletion

      • F. Sherwood Rowland

      Pages 23-66

   2. Atmospheric N2O Releases from Biofuel Production Systems: A Major Factor Against “CO2 Emission Savings”: A Global View

      • Paul J. Crutzen, Arvin Mosier, Keith Smith, Wilfried Winiwarter

      Pages 67-70

4. The Long History of Ozone Measurements and the Early Search for Signs of a Trend

   1. The History of Total Ozone Measurements; the Early Search for Signs of a Trend and an Update

      • Rumen D. Bojkov, Dimitris S. Balis

      Pages 73-110

   2. The Long History of Ozone: Analyses of Recent Measurements

      • Neil R. P. Harris

      Pages 111-117

   3. The Long History of Ozone Measurements: Climatological Information Derived from Long Ozone Records

      • Johannes Staehelin, Christian Vogler, Stefan Brönnimann

      Pages 119-131

5. Ozone Measurements

   1. International Multi-Instruments Ground-Based Networks: Recent Developments Within the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Changes

      • Sophie Godin-Beekmann

      Pages 135-156

   2. International Balloon Measurements for Ozone Research

      • David J. Hofmann

      Pages 157-172

   3. The Role of Airborne Science in the Study of Polar Ozone

      • Michael J. Kurylo

      Pages 173-182

   4. Role of Satellite Measurements in the Discovery of Stratospheric Ozone Depletion

      • Pawan K. Bhartia

      Pages 183-189

   5. Estimating When the Antarctic Ozone Hole will Recover

      • Paul A. Newman, Eric R. Nash, Anne R. Douglass, J. Eric Nielsen, Richard S. Stolarski

      Pages 191-200

   6. The European Arctic Ozone Campaigns

      • Jean Pierre Pommereau

      Pages 201-212

   7. Operational Monitoring of the Antarctic Ozone Hole: Transition from GOME and SCIAMACHY to GOME-2

      • Diego Loyola, Thilo Erbertseder, Dimitris Balis, Jean-Christopher Lambert, Rob Spurr, Michel Van Roozendael et al.

      Pages 213-236

   8. An Overview of Strategic Ozone Sounding Networks: Insights into Ozone Budgets, UT/LS Processes and Tropical Climate Signatures

      • Anne M. Thompson

      Pages 237-249

   9. Global Observations—The Key to Model Development and Improved Assessments

      • Anne R. Douglass

      Pages 251-259

6. Ozone and Climate-Dynamics

   1. The Rise and Fall of Dynamical Theories of the Ozone Hole

      • Mark R. Schoeberl, Jose M. Rodriguez

      Pages 263-272

Homer speaks of lightning bolts after which ‘a grim reek of sulphur bursts forth’ and the air was ‘?lled with reeking brimstone’. (Homer 3000 BC). The odour was not actually the smell of sulphur dioxide associated with burning sulphur, but rather was the ?rst recorded detection of the presence of another strong odour, that of ozone (O ) in Earth’s atmosphere. These molecules were formed by the passage of 3 lightning through the air, created by splitting the abundant molecular oxygen (O ) 2 molecules into two, followed by the addition of each of the free O atoms to another O to form the triatomic product. In fact, most of the ozone molecules present 2 in the atmosphere at any time have been made by this same two-step splitti- plus-combination process, although the initiating cause usually begins with very energetic solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation rather than lightning. Many thousands of years later, the modern history of ozone began with its synthesis in the laboratory of H. F. Schonbein in 1840 (Nolte 1999), although the positive con?rmation of its three-oxygen atom chemical formula came along sometime later. Scienti?c interest in high-altitude stratospheric ozone dates back to 1881 when Hartley measured the spectrum of ozone in the laboratory and found that its ability to absorb UV light extended only to 293nm at the long wavelength end (Hartley 1881a).

• Atmospheric Chemistry
• Global warming
• Montreal Protocol
• Ozone
• Ozone depletion
• Ozone layer
• Ozone-Climate
• Transport
• Troposphere
• UV Radiation
• Ultraviolet Radiation
• climate change
• ozone-depleting substances
• satellite
• air pollution and air quality

• President IO3C, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece

  Christos Zerefos

• Research Center for Astronomy, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece

  Georgios Contopoulos

• President, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece

  Gregory Skalkeas

Policies and ethics