Mechanisms of Organ Dysfunction in Critical Illness

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-XVI

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2. Mitochondrial Biology

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. Cellular Responses to Hypoxia: Role of Oxidant Signal Transduction

      • P. T. Schumacker

      Pages 3-16

   3. The Mitochondrial Permeability Transition: A‘Pore’Way to Die

      • A. P. Halestrap, A. O’Toole, K. Lim

      Pages 17-39

   4. Cytopathic Hypoxia in Circulatory Shock: The Role of Poly (ADP-Ribose) Synthetase Activation

      • C. Szabó

      Pages 40-51

   5. Derangements in Cellular Oxygen Metabolism

      • X. M. Leverve

      Pages 52-68

   6. Pharmacologic and Metabolic Mitochondrial Rescue

      • J. M. Weinberg, M. A. Venkatachalam, I. Nissim

      Pages 69-91

3. Leukocytes and Cell Signaling Mechanisms in Inflammation

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 93-93

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   2. Role of Leukocytes in Sepsis and Lung Injury

      • W. L. Lee, G. P. Downey

      Pages 95-109

   3. Dysregulated Neutrophil Apoptosis in the Pathogenesis of Organ Injury in Critical Illness

      • J. C. Marshall, S. Hui Jia, R. Taneja

      Pages 110-123

   4. Does Apoptosis Play a Role in the Development of Sepsis-Induced Myocardial Dysfunction?

      • R. Nevière, P. Marchetti

      Pages 124-136

   5. The Intracellular Signaling Pathways of Inflammatory Stress

      • J. Saklatvala, A. Clark, J. Dean

      Pages 137-145

   6. Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines: Double-Edged Swords in the Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infection

      • T. van der Poll

      Pages 146-158

   7. Organ-Organ Interactions in Multiple Organ Failure

      • J. J. Wizorek, T. G. Buchman

      Pages 159-171

4. Microcirculatory Dysfunction

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 173-173

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   2. Endothelial Cell Dysfunction and Abnormal Tissue Perfusion

      • B. Vallet, E. Wiel, P.-A. Rodie-Talbère

      Pages 175-190

   3. The Microcirculation in Sepsis

      • A. W. Sielenkämper, C. G. Ellis, P. Kvietys

      Pages 191-202

5. Lung and Kidney

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 203-203

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   2. Pulmonary Vascular Dysfunction

      • S. J. Finney, S. J. Wort, T. W. Evans

      Pages 205-221

   3. Pulmonary Epithelial Injury: Clinical and Experimental Evidence for a Major Role in Acute Lung Injury and Multiple Organ Dysfunction

      • M. A. Matthay, L. B. Ware, J. A. Frank

      Pages 222-226

The pathophysiology of sepsis can be regarded as a series of steps, beginning with the invasion of normally sterile tissue by microbes and the elaboration of various pro-inflammatory mediators. The final common pathway is often the development of the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Whereas a great deal has been learned during the past quarter century about the inflammatory processes associated with sepsis (and other related conditions, such as ischemia/reperfusion injury), our understanding is far less developed with respect to the pathophysiological events that lead to organ dysfunction under these conditions. Nevertheless, efforts by both clinical and laboratory scientists are leading to new knowledge in this area. The chapters in this volume provide a state-of-the-art overview of many aspects of the pathophysiology of organ dysfunction in critical illness.

• Sepsis
• Trauma
• brain injury
• cerebral ischemia
• hypoxia
• mechanical ventilation
• multiple organ failure
• shock

• Intensive Care Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK

  Timothy W. Evans

• Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, USA

  Mitchell P. Fink

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