Introduction to Thin Film Transistors

Introduction to Thin Film Transistors reviews the operation, application and technology of the main classes of thin film transistor (TFT) of current interest for large area electronics. The TFT materials covered include hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H), poly-crystalline silicon (poly-Si), transparent amorphous oxide semiconductors (AOS), and organic semiconductors.

The large scale manufacturing of a-Si:H TFTs forms the basis of the active matrix flat panel display industry. Poly-Si TFTs facilitate the integration of electronic circuits into portable active matrix liquid crystal displays, and are increasingly used in active matrix organic light emitting diode (AMOLED) displays for smart phones. The recently developed AOS TFTs are seen as an alternative option to poly-Si and a-Si:H for AMOLED TV and large AMLCD TV applications, respectively. The organic TFTs are regarded as a cost effective route into flexible electronics.

As well as treating the highly divergent preparation and properties of these materials, the physics of the devices fabricated from them is also covered, with emphasis on performance features such as carrier mobility limitations, leakage currents and instability mechanisms. The thin film transistors implemented with these materials are the conventional, insulated gate field effect transistors, and a further chapter describes a new thin film transistor structure: the source gated transistor, SGT.

The driving force behind much of the development of TFTs has been their application to AMLCDs, and there is a chapter dealing with the operation of these displays, as well as of AMOLED and electrophoretic displays. A discussion of TFT and pixel layout issues is also included.

For students and new-comers to the field, introductory chapters deal with basic semiconductor surface physics, and with classical MOSFET operation. These topics are handled analytically, so that the underlying device physics is clearly revealed.These treatments are then used as a reference point, from which the impact of additional band-gap states on TFT behaviour can be readily appreciated.

This reference book, covering all the major TFT technologies, will be of interest to a wide range of scientists and engineers in the large area electronics industry. It will also be a broad introduction for research students and other scientists entering the field, as well as providing an accessible and comprehensive overview for undergraduate and postgraduate teaching programmes.

• Active Matrix Display Technology
• Active Matrix Liquid-Crystal Displays (AMLCDs)
• Active Matrix OLEDs (AMOLEDs)
• Device Physics
• Electrophoretic Displays (AMEPDs)
• Flat Panel Displays
• Flexible Substrates
• Gate Dielectric Materials
• Hydogenated Amorphous Silicon (a-Si:H)
• Organic TFTs
• Polycrystalline Silicon (poly-Si)
• Source-gated transistors
• TFT Instability
• Thin Film Transistors (TFTs)
• Transparent amorphous oxide semiconductors

• TFT Consultant, Forest Row, E. Sussex, United Kingdom

  S.D. Brotherton

One of the pioneers in the field of Si-based TFT devices and technology, S D Brotherton is an established expert and authoritative figure with an extremely high standing in the community. He is both a prolific researcher and technologist: exactly the combination needed for this type of book.

He has a background in physics and mathematics, and has recently retired as project leader of Solid State Devices at Philips Research Labs in the UK with a focus on TFTs. During his career, he has published 117 articles in well-established applied physics and electrical engineering journals. He is also one of the Editors of the Handbook of Visual Display Technology.

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