Stereotyping and Prejudice

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-x

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2. Introduction

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. Stereotype, Prejudice, and Discrimination: Changing Conceptions in Theory and Research

      • Wolfgang Stroebe, Chester A. Insko

      Pages 3-34

3. Formation of Stereotypes and Prejudice

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 35-35

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   2. A Cognitive Approach to Stereotyping

      • Walter G. Stephan

      Pages 37-57

   3. Illusory Correlations: Implications for Stereotype Theory and Research

      • David L. Hamilton, Steven J. Sherman

      Pages 59-82

   4. Category-Based and Individuating Processes as a Function of Information and Motivation: Evidence from Our Laboratory

      • Susan T. Fiske, Steven L. Neuberg

      Pages 83-103

   5. Stereotypes of Groups, Group Members, and Individuals in Categories: A Differential Analysis

      • Murray Horwitz, Jacob M. Rabbie

      Pages 105-129

4. Structure and Meaning of Stereotypes and Prejudice

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 131-131

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   2. Stereotypes and Dispositional Judgment

      • Yaacov Trope

      Pages 133-149

   3. Values, Stereotypes, and Intergroup Antagonism

      • Shalom H. Schwartz, Naomi Struch

      Pages 151-167

   4. Delegitimization: The Extreme Case of Stereotyping and Prejudice

      • Daniel Bar-Tal

      Pages 169-182

   5. Discriminatory Speech Acts: A Functional Approach

      • Carl Friedrich Graumann, Margret Wintermantel

      Pages 183-204

5. Change of Stereotypes and Prejudice

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 205-205

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   2. Changing Stereotypes with Disconfirming Information

      • Miles Hewstone

      Pages 207-223

   3. Can Leaders Change Followers’ Stereotypes?

      • Yoram Bar-Tal

      Pages 225-242

   4. Enhancing Intergroup Relations in Israel: A Differential Approach

      • Yehuda Amir, Rachel Ben-Ari

      Pages 243-257

6. Back Matter

   Pages 259-276

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The study of stereotyping and prejudice is a study of human nature, group mem­ bership, and intergroup relationships. It sheds light on each of these aspects of social psychology. With respect to the first two, it has been observed that since groups provide the best framework for satisfying various human needs, individuals continuously organize themselves in collectives. They belong to a variety of groups-many of which they voluntarily select and some to which they are ascribed. Group membership, therefore, is one of the most salient and important of an indi­ vidual's characteristics. The implication of this characteristic is that human beings not only constantly classify other people into group categories, either by identifying membership or constructing their own categories, but also judge and evaluate them on this basis. The stereotypes and prejudice are outcomes of this process. They are the beliefs and attitudes toward members of another group. In addition, the study of stereotyping and prejudice reflects an interest in inter­ group relationships. While we recognize that a discussion of intergroup relation­ ships may focus on behaviors describing actions such as confrontations, violence, wars, cooperation, alliance, negotiation, or coordination, we also believe that each of these intergroup behaviors is mediated by perceptions, beliefs, and attitudes. In the case of intergroup behaviors, the listed actions are not performed instinctively or mindlessly, but are preceded by cognitive processes which, among other outputs, involve the formation of stereotypes and prejudice toward the other group.

• Stereotyp
• prejudice
• psychology
• social psychology

• School of Education, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel

  Daniel Bar-Tal

• Psychologisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg 1, Federal Republic of Germany

  Carl F. Graumann

• Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, USA

  Arie W. Kruglanski

• Psychologisches Institut, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Federal Republic of Germany

  Wolfgang Stroebe

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