Wind Climate in Cities

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xxii

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2. The Risk of Wind Effects in Cities

   1. The Risk of Wind Effects in Cities

      • E. J. Plate, A. G. Davenport

      Pages 1-20

3. Fundamentals of Urban Boundary Layer and Dispersion

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 21-22

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   2. Urban Climates and Urban Climate Modelling: An Introduction

      • E. J. Plate

      Pages 23-39

   3. Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Its Parameterization

      • S. Pal Arya

      Pages 41-66

   4. Scaling for Convective Boundary Layers

      • S. Zilitinkevich

      Pages 67-79

   5. The Heat Island of the Urban Boundary Layer: Characteristics, Causes and Effects

      • T. R. Oke

      Pages 81-107

   6. Atmospheric Flow through Groups of Buildings and Dispersion from Localised Sources

      • N. Jerram, R. J. Perkins, J. C. H. Fung, M. J. Davidson, S. E. Belcher, J. C. R. Hunt

      Pages 109-130

   7. Physical Modelling of Atmospheric Dispersion in Complex Settings

      • N. Isyumov, S. Ramsay

      Pages 131-152

   8. Analysis of Meteorological Data and Main Problems Related to the Determination of Building Exposure

      • J.-A. Hertig

      Pages 153-182

4. Forces on Complex Structures in Built-up Areas

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 183-184

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   2. Local Wind Pressures for Rectangular Buildings in Turbulent Boundary Layers

      • J. Wacker

      Pages 185-207

   3. The Response of Slender Structures to Wind

      • A. G. Davenport

      Pages 209-239

   4. Wind Loads on Structures from Eurocode 1, ENV 1991-2-3

      • H. Ruscheweyh

      Pages 241-258

   5. Interference Effects on Flexible Buildings and Structures

      • H. Ruscheweyh

      Pages 259-273

   6. Wind-Induced Response of Buildings Arranged in a Group

      • H.-J. Niemann

      Pages 275-292

   7. The Influence of Surroundings on Pressure Distributions around Buildings

      • J.-A. Hertig, C. Alexandrou

      Pages 293-317

   8. Winds in Cities: Effects on Pedestrians and the Dispersion of Ground Level Pollutants

      • N. Isyumov, S. Helliwell, S. Rosen, D. Lai

      Pages 319-335

   9. Damage to Buildings by Storms in Urban Areas

      • H. J. Gerhardt

      Pages 337-350

5. Air Pollution in Cities

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 351-351

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If one surveys the development of wind engineering, one comes to the conclusion that the challenge of urban climatology is one of the most important remaining tasks for the wind engineers. But what distinguishes wind engineering in urban areas from conventional wind engineering? Principally, the fact that the effects studied are usually unique to a particular situation, requiring consideration of the surroundings of the buildings. In the past, modelling criteria have been developed that make it possible to solve environmental problems with great confidence, and studies validated the models: at least in a neutrally stratified atmosphere.
The approach adopted in the book is that of applied fluid mechanics, since this forms the basis for the evaluation of the urban wind field. Variables for air quality or loads are problem specific, or even random, and methods for studying them are based on risk analysis, which is also presented. Criteria are developed for a systematic approach to urban wind engineering problems, including parameter studies.
The five sections of the book are: Fundamentals of urban boundary layer and dispersion; Forces on complex structures in built-up areas; Air pollution in cities; Numerical solution techniques; and Posters. A subject index is included.

• Climatology
• air pollution
• air quality
• climate
• environment
• pollution
• simulation
• wind
• air pollution and air quality

• Department of Civil Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, USA

  Jack E. Cermak

• Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada

  Alan G. Davenport

• Fakultät für Bauingenieur- und Vermessungswesen, Universität Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany

  Erich J. Plate

• Fluid Mechanics Center, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

  Domingos X. Viegas

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