Glutamine in Clinical Nutrition

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xxxiv

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2. Basic Processes at the Cellular Level and in Animal Models

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. Glutamine Structure and Function: A Starter Pack

      • Peter B. Soeters

      Pages 3-20

   3. Amino Acid Transporters and Glutamine

      • Catherine Zander, Zhou Zhang, Thomas Albers, Christof Grewer

      Pages 21-36

   4. Role of Glutamine Transaminases in Nitrogen, Sulfur, Selenium, and 1-Carbon Metabolism

      • Arthur J. L. Cooper, Thambi Dorai, Bhuvaneswari Dorai, Boris F. Krasnikov, Jianyong Li, André Hallen et al.

      Pages 37-54

   5. Glutamine Uptake and Immunomodulation: An Overview

      • Kenneth Frauwirth

      Pages 55-66

   6. The Role of Glutamine and Glutamic Acid in the Pituitary Gland Involvement in Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Release

      • Sayaka Aizawa, Takafumi Sakai, Ichiro Sakata

      Pages 67-76

   7. Glucose-Independent Glutamine-Driven TCA Cycle in Cancer Cells

      • Brad Poore, Nicholas Siegel, Joshua K. Park, Benjamin Jung Hwang, Iman Afif, Anne Le

      Pages 77-85

   8. The Role of Glutamine Synthetase in the Glutamine Independence in Mammary Tissue

      • Hsiu-Ni Kung, Jen-Tsan Chi

      Pages 87-97

   9. Glutamine Addiction of Cancer Cells

      • Enrico Desideri, Maria Rosa Ciriolo

      Pages 99-111

   10. L-[5-11C]-Glutamine and Metabolic Imaging in Cancer Cells

       • Karl Ploessl, Brian P. Lieberman, Seok Rye Choi, Lin Zhu, Hank F. Kung

       Pages 113-124

   11. Endotoxemia and Glutamine

       • François Blachier, Xiangfeng Kong, Guoyao Wu, Daniel Tomé, Antonio Lancha Jr., Mireille Andriamihaja et al.

       Pages 125-139

3. Glutamine Use in Critically Ill Patients and Their Diagnosis

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 141-141

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   2. Plasma Glutamine and Its Levels in Metabolic Stress

      • Jan Wernerman

      Pages 143-152

   3. Glutamine Supplementation in Major Surgery and Intensive Care

      • Luca Gianotti, Massimo Oldani, Sara Coppola, Luca Nespoli, Marco Zanello, Marco Braga

      Pages 153-168

   4. Enteral Nutrition Supplemented with l-glutamine in Patients with Sepsis

      • Ana Augusta Monteiro Cavalcante, Paulo Roberto Leitão de Vasconcelos

      Pages 169-179

   5. Glutamine Supplementation in Multiple Trauma Patients

      • Ruqaiya M. Al Balushi, Jennifer D. Paratz, Jeremy Cohen, Merrilyn Banks

      Pages 181-194

   6. Glutamine Dipeptide and Insulin Sensitivity in Critically Ill Patients

      • Teodoro Grau-Carmona, Carol Lorencio Cárdenas

      Pages 195-205

   7. Potential for Glutamine Supplementation in Critically Ill Children

      • Efrossini Briassouli, Luise Victoria Marino, George Briassoulis

      Pages 207-217

   8. Glutamine and Ammonia in Hepatic Encephalopathy

      • Sherry Dadsetan, Helle S. Waagepetersen, Arne Schousboe, Lasse K. Bak

      Pages 219-227

Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid and is a major contributor to whole body nitrogen metabolism and is considered to be “conditionally essential.” Glutamine in Health and Disease presents the application of current nutritional knowledge by physicians and dietitians and incorporates emerging fields of science and important discoveries. Section 1 covers glutamine structure and function, glutamine synthetase, glutamine binding protein, glutamine transport, glutamine-rich activation domains and transcription, glutamine transaminase and cell biochemistry. Section 2 covers glucose-independent glutamine metabolism, intestinal barrier function, thyroid-stimulating hormone, glutamine resonances, focal ischemia, plasma glutamine, metabolic stress, cancer and absorption. Section 3 covers dipeptide-bound glutamine, DNA protection, oxidative stress, NF-KB, the inflammatory response, the lung, kidney, GI tract and liver, autophagy, ethanol and diabetes. Finally, Section 4 covers the use of glutamine in preoperative states, enteral and parenteral nutrition, pulmonary infections, cancer, hypoxic injury, arginyl-glutamine, paediatrics, pancreatic surgery, the elderly, gastric emptying gastric bypass and use glutamine cocktails. Written by authors of international and national standing, leaders in the field and trendsetters, Glutamine in Health and Disease is essential reading for nutritionists and dietitians, public health scientists, physicians, epidemiologists, policy makers, and health care professionals of various disciplines.

• Amino Acids
• Glutamine
• Glutamine Metabolism
• Glutamine in Nutritional Support
• Nitrogen metabolism
• Oral glutamine

• Department of Intensive Care, Barnet and Chase Farm Hospitals, London, United Kingdom

  Rajkumar Rajendram

• Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, School of Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom

  Victor R. Preedy

• Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom

  Vinood B. Patel

Policies and ethics