Ethnic Differences in Fertility and Assisted Reproduction

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xiv

   PDF

2. Introduction: The Scope of the Topic

   • Fady I. Sharara

   Pages 1-5

3. Racial and Ethnic Groups of Interest in Fertility Research

   • Ellen H. Goldstein, James H. Segars

   Pages 7-26

4. The Impact of Sociocultural and Economic Factors in Seeking Fertility Services

   • Molina B. Dayal

   Pages 27-38

5. Fertility Differences Among Ethnic Groups

   • Kate Devine, Lisa Green, Heba Eltoukhi, Alicia Armstrong

   Pages 39-72

6. Disparities Between Black and White Women in Assisted Reproductive Technology

   • Reshef Tal, David B. Seifer

   Pages 73-83

7. Assisted Reproductive Outcomes in Hispanic Patients

   • Ruben Alvero, Shunping Wang

   Pages 85-93

8. Reproductive and Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Outcomes in East Asian Women

   • Hakan Cakmak, Heather G. Huddleston, Victor Y. Fujimoto

   Pages 95-104

9. Differences in Fertility and Assisted Reproduction in South Asian Women

   • Stephanie Gustin, Malinda Lee, Lynn Westphal

   Pages 105-113

10. Ethnicity and IVF

    • Emilie Green, Laura Gillis, Hany Lashen

    Pages 115-126

11. Ethnic Disparity in Oocyte Donation Outcome

    • Fady I. Sharara

    Pages 127-130

12. Frozen Embryo Transfer Outcomes Among Racial and Ethnic Groups

    • Katherine S. Anderson, Anita P. Tamirisa, John M. Csokmay, James H. Segars

    Pages 131-144

13. Understanding Racial Disparity in Adverse Pregnancy Outcome

    • Ramkumar Menon, George R. Saade

    Pages 145-158

14. Racial Diversity and Uterine Leiomyoma

    • Mohamed Sabry, Ayman Al-Hendy

    Pages 159-168

15. The Effect of Obesity on Fertility and ART Success Among Ethnic Groups

    • Diana P. Broomfield, Torie Comeaux Plowden

    Pages 169-183

16. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Across Racial and Ethnic Groups

    • Lawrence Engmann, Richard Legro

    Pages 185-199

17. Ethnicity and Ovarian Response: The Role of FSH Receptor Genotype

    • Botros R. M. B. Rizk, Dmitris Loutradis

    Pages 201-212

18. Ethnic Differences in Fertility and Assisted Reproduction: Ethnic Disparity in Stem Cell Availability and Research

    • Chi-Wei Lu, Yasunari Seita, Nathan Treff, Monica J. Roth

    Pages 213-226

19. How Can We Bridge the Gap? Role of Insurance Mandate

    • Kim Thornton, Karenne N. Fru, Yetunde Ibrahim

    Pages 227-238

20. Toward a Better Understanding of Racial Disparities in Utilization and Outcomes of IVF Treatment in the USA

    • David B. Seifer, Fady I. Sharara, Tarun Jain

    Pages 239-244

Over the past 10 years, studies have shown that the rates of fertility vary in different ethnic groups. Ethnic differences also play a significant role in the outcome of assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles. In the United States, minority groups--African Americans, Hispanics (mainly Mexicans and Central Americans), East Asians (Chinese, Japanese, Koreans, Philippinos) and South Asians (Indians, Pakistanis, and Bengalis)--have significantly lower chances of live births compared to Caucasian women. Birth outcome data collected by the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology shows a worsening trend in conception rates between the years 1999-2000 and 2004-2006, raising more concern that the disparity in fertility rates between minority groups and white women is widening over time. This comprehensive book serves to answer the questions that arise when managing infertility in a multi-ethnic population. An expert assembly of key leaders in the field of reproductive medicine imparts insight and clinical experience in order to identify and analyze the possible causes of racial disparities in fertility outcome. Some of the reviewed causes include higher Body Mass Index (BMI), tubal diseases, metabolic syndrome, and fibroids in African Americans; tubal disease and higher early pregnancy loss in Hispanics; higher incidence of diminished ovarian reserve and lower BMI in East Asians; and higher incidence of polycystic ovarian disease (PCOS) in South Asians. The book also provides a review of data on access to care and ART services in developing countries. A thoughtful combination of evidence-based medicine and advanced treatment options, this book is sure to distinguish itself as the definitive reference on ethnic differences in assisted reproduction. ​

• ART Outcome
• Assisted Reproduction
• Ethnic
• fertility
• minority groups

• , Department of Ob/Gyn, George Washington University, Reston, USA

  Fady I. Sharara

Fady Sharara, M.D. is Clinical Professor at George Washington University, Dept of OB/GYN and the Medical Director of the Virginia Center for Reproductive Medicine. Dr. Sharara has authored more than 80 peer-reviewed papers and book chapters. His clinical research includes racial disparities in IVF outcome, prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, ovarian stimulation protocols, ovarian reserve testing, and the role of Vitamin D in reproduction, among others.

Policies and ethics