Protocol for Somatic Embryogenesis in Woody Plants

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-x

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2. Section A

   1. Slash Pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.)

      • Ronald J. Newton, Wei Tang, S. Mohan Jain

      Pages 1-10

   2. Somatic Embryogenesis and Genetic Transformation in Pinus radiata

      • Christian Walter, Jens I. Find, Lynette J. Grace

      Pages 11-24

   3. Douglas - Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii)

      • Pramod K. Gupta, Diane Holmstrom

      Pages 25-34

   4. Omorika Spruce (Picea omorika)

      • Snježana Mihaljević, Sibila Jelaska

      Pages 35-45

   5. Somatic Embryogenesis in Picea glauca

      • Edward C. Yeung, Trevor A. Thorpe

      Pages 47-58

   6. Protocol of Somatic Embryogenesis: Black Spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.)

      • F. M. Tremblay, D. Iraqi, A. El Meskaoui

      Pages 59-68

   7. Sitka Spruce (Picea sitchensis)

      • David Thompson, Fiona Harrington

      Pages 69-80

   8. Protocol of Somatic Embryogenesis of Pinus nigra Arn.

      • Salajova T., Rodríguez R., Cañal M.J., Diego L.B., Berdasco M., Radojevic L. et al.

      Pages 81-93

   9. Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda)

      • Wei Tang, Ronald J. Newton

      Pages 95-106

   10. Somatic Embryogenesis in Maritime Pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.)

       • Luc Harvengt

       Pages 107-119

   11. Somatic Embryogenesis in Pinus patula

       • Catherine S. Ford, Lorna J. Fischer, Nicoletta B. Jones, Sara A. Nigro, Nokwanda P. Makunga, Johannes van Staden

       Pages 121-139

   12. Somatic Embryogenesis in Norway Spruce

       • Martin Vágner, Lucie Fischerová, Jaroslava Špačková, Zuzana Vondráková

       Pages 141-155

3. Section B

   1. Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.)

      • R.S. Nadgauda, Shilpa S. Gogate

      Pages 157-165

   2. Somatic Embryogenesis Protocol: Coffee (Coffea arabica L. and C. canephora P.)

      • H. Etienne

      Pages 167-179

   3. Protocols for Somatic Embryogenesis and Plantlet Formation from Three Explants in Tea (Camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze)

      • Anisha Akula, Chakradhar Akula

      Pages 181-190

   4. Protocol of Somatic Embryogenesis from Citrus spp. Anther Culture

      • Maria Antonietta Germanà

      Pages 191-207

   5. Integrated System for Propagation of Theobroma cacao L.

      • Maximova S. N., Young A., Pishak S, Miller C., Traore A., Guiltinan M. J.

      Pages 209-227

   6. Mango (Mangifera indica L.)

      • Hussain Ara, Uma Jaiswal, V. S. Jaiswal

      Pages 229-246

   7. Somatic Embryogenesis Injackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.)

      • Shyamal K. Roy, Ripon K. Debnath

      Pages 247-256

World population is increasing at an alarming rate and this has resulted in increasing tremendously the demand for tree products such as wood for construction materials, fuel and paper, fruits, oils and medicines etc. This has put immense pressure on the world’s supplies of trees and raw material to industry and will continue to do so as long as human population continues to grow. Also, the quality of human diet, especially nutritional components, is adversely affected due to limited genetic improvement of most of fruit trees. Thus there is an immediate need to increase productivity of trees. Improvement has been made through conventional breeding methods, however, conventional breeding is very slow due to long life cycle of trees. A basic strategy in tree improvement is to capture genetic gain through clonal propagation. Clonal propagation via organogenesis is being used for the production of selected elite individual trees. However, the methods are labour intensive, costly, and produce low volumes. Genetic gain can now be captured through somatic embryogenesis. Formation of embryos from somatic cells by a process resembling zygotic embryogenesis is one of the most important features of plants. In 1958, Reinert in Germany and Steward in USA independently reported somatic embryogenesis in carrot cultures. Since then, tremendous progress in somatic embryogenesis of woody and non-woody plants has taken place. It offers a potentially large-scale propagation system for superior clones.

• Bur
• Embryo
• conifers
• genetic transformation
• olive
• seedlings
• woody plants
• Tree Biology
• Wood Science and Technology

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