Grasshoppers and Grassland Health

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-ix

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2. Introduction

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. A Novel Approach to Solving Complex Ecological Problems: An International Polylogue on the Art and Science of Applied Acridology

      • J. A. Lockwood, A. V. Latchininsky, M. G. Sergeev

      Pages 1-6

3. Grasshoppers as Integral Elements of Grasslands

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 7-7

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   2. Do Grasshoppers Diminish Grassland Productivity? A New Perspective for Control Based on Conservation

      • G. E. Belovsky

      Pages 7-29

   3. What are the Consequences of Ecosystem Disruption on Acridid Diversity and Abundance?

      • F. A. Gapparov, A. V. Latchininsky

      Pages 31-59

   4. What is the the Role of Grassland Vegetation in Grasshopper Population Dynamics?

      • O. Olfert

      Pages 61-70

4. Grasshopper Population Ecology and Management

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 71-71

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   2. How do Spatial Population Structures Affect Acridid Management?

      • M. G. Sergeev, O. V. Denisova, I. A. Vanjkova

      Pages 71-87

   3. Can Micropopulation Management Protect Rare Grasshoppers?

      • M. E. Chernyakhovskiy

      Pages 89-95

   4. What Factors Govern Orthopteran Community Structure and Species Prevalence?

      • T. Kisbenedek, A. Báldi

      Pages 97-107

5. Grasshopper and Locust Control Strategies and Tools

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 109-109

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   2. How can Acridid Population Ecology be Used to Refine Pest Management Strategies?

      • M. Lecoq

      Pages 109-129

   3. What are the Consequences of Non-Linear Ecological Interactions for Grasshopper Control Strategies?

      • A. Joern

      Pages 131-144

   4. What Tools have Potential for Grasshopper Pest Management?

      • J. A. Onsager, O. Olfert

      Pages 145-156

6. Grasshopper Control and Grassland Health

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 157-157

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   2. How can Acridid Outbreaks be Managed in Dryland Agricultural Landscapes?

      • V. E. Kambulin

      Pages 157-172

   3. Can Locust Control be Compatible with Conserving Biodiversity?

      • M. J. Samways

      Pages 173-179

   4. How does Insecticidal Control of Grasshoppers Affect Non-Target Arthropods?

      • I. M. Sokolov

      Pages 181-192

7. Summary

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 193-193

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Acridids (grasshoppers and locusts) can range from being rare curiosities to abundant menaces. Some are threatened with extinction and become subjects of intensive conservation efforts, while others are devastating pests and become the objects of massive control programmes. Even within a species, there are times when the animal is so abundant that its crushed masses cause the wheels of trains to skid (the Rocky Mountain grasshopper, Melanoplus spretus Walsh in western North America in the 1860s and I 870s), while at other times the animal is alarmingly scarce (the Rocky Mountain grasshopper went extinct in the early 1900s). Why are there these extremes in one insect family, and even in a single species? The NATO workshop examined this paradox and its implications for Environmental Security, which must address both the elements of land use (agricultural production and pest management) and conservation of biodiversity. The reconciliation of these objectives clearly demands a critical assessment of current knowledge and policies, identification of future research, and close working relationships among scientists. Insects can present two clear faces, as well as the intervening gradation. These extremes require us to respond in two ways: conservation of scarce species and suppression of abundant (harmful) species. But perhaps most important, these opposite poles also provide the opportunity for an exchange of information and insight.

• Controlling
• Ecology
• Orthoptera
• agroecosystems
• biodiversity
• ecosystem
• ecosystems
• environment
• insect
• vegetation
• Entomology
• ecotoxicology

• Entomology Section, Department of Renewable Resources, University of Wyoming, Laramie, USA

  Jeffrey A. Lockwood, Alexandre V. Latchininsky

• Department of General Biology, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia

  Jeffrey A. Lockwood, Alexandre V. Latchininsky, Michael G. Sergeev

• Association for Applied Acridology International, USA

  Michael G. Sergeev

Policies and ethics