Solidarity Economy and Social Business

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-vii

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2. Solidarity and Social Business: Theoretical Background

   • Yukio Ikemoto, Noriatsu Matsui

   Pages 1-11

3. Microcredit, Inclusive Finance and Solidarity

   • Noriatsu Matsui, Hiromi Tsuboi

   Pages 13-25

4. Grameen-Model Microcredit in a Developed Country: Spain

   • Hiromi Tsuboi, Nazrul I. Chowdhury

   Pages 27-34

5. Renewable Energy Resources for Villages Off the Grid

   • Hiromi Tsuboi

   Pages 35-44

6. Yogurt for the Poor: Progressive Nutrition

   • Hiromi Tsuboi

   Pages 45-51

7. Distributing Clean Water in Communities

   • Hiromi Tsuboi

   Pages 53-58

8. Local Currency and Regional Revitalization

   • Noriatsu Matsui

   Pages 59-72

9. Role of Solidarity in Organic Agriculture

   • Ki-Hueng Kim, Yukio Ikemoto

   Pages 73-80

10. Certified Coffee and Solidarity

    • Yukio Ikemoto

    Pages 81-94

11. Development of Social Business in Korea

    • Ki-Hueng Kim

    Pages 95-106

12. Back Matter

    Pages 107-108

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This book presents theoretical examinations of why and how connecting people yields different results from those of the market mechanism alone. With an ever-greater disparity between the world’s rich and poor, actions have been taken to remove the imperfections and remedy malfunctions of the market mechanism. An underlying theme of these activities is to connect people and make them directly visible to one another; thus the integrating concept of the “solidarity economy” emerges. This volume analyzes diverse examples and practices of solidarity economy. Adam Smith emphasized the importance of “sympathy” among people and the role of the “impartial spectator” in order to control otherwise reckless markets. These major concepts form the basis of a solidarity economy. The examples and practices in this book are based on this framework. The first is the idea of social business, promoted by Prof. M. Yunus of the Grameen Bank. Although the group of five members in the Grameen Bank organization is considered a system of mutual surveillance by some economists, it is not a system based on distrust but a mechanism for mutual help and encouragement. Also examined in this book is organic agriculture, which adheres to the necessity of face-to-face relationships. It pursues environmental concerns and food safety by bringing together consumers and producers in local areas and by sharing knowledge. When consumers and producers are widely separated, a system of certification assures consumers that no chemical pesticides and fertilizers are used. Connecting consumers and producers through certification systems can be seen as part of fair trade mechanisms. These mechanisms are applied in certified coffee programs, for instance, to reduce poverty, to protect the environment, and to safeguard human rights. This book proposes that all these seemingly different types of activities can be understood as part of the solidarity economy. With this unifying theme, the book willbe useful for both theoretical investigations and practical applications.

• Capabiity approach
• Grameen Bank
• Poverty and inequality
• Social business
• Solidarity economy

• Faculty of Economics, Teikyo University, Hachioji, Japan

  Noriatsu Matsui

• Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan

  Yukio Ikemoto

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