Alternative Fuels and Their Utilization Strategies in Internal Combustion Engines

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xv

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2. General

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. Introduction to Alternative Fuels and Their Utilization Strategies in Internal Combustion Engines

      • Akhilendra Pratap Singh, Nirendra N. Mustafi, Yogesh C. Sharma, Avinash Kumar Agarwal

      Pages 3-6

3. Biofuel Production

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 7-7

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   2. Agricultural Waste Derived 2nd Generation Ethanol Blended Diesel Fuel in India: A Perspective

      • Rabinder Singh Bharj, Gurkamal Nain Singh, Rajan Kumar

      Pages 9-24

   3. Biofuels from Renewable Biomass Resources: An Overview of Technologies for Production, Environmental and Economic Impacts

      • J. Thangaraja, Akella Sivaramakrishna, Rajagopal Desikan

      Pages 25-47

   4. Second Generation Bioethanol Production from Organic Waste

      • Tomesh Kumar Sahu, Satyajit Gupta, Pravesh Chandra Shukla

      Pages 49-64

   5. Biofuel Production from Agricultural Waste—An Economical Approach

      • Elsa Cherian, Harikrishnan Hariharan

      Pages 65-80

   6. Sustainable Production of Green Fuels and Chemicals Using Microalgae as Feedstock

      • Jayati Trivedi, Neeraj Atray

      Pages 81-86

4. Biofuels for Engine Applications

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 87-87

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   2. Future Automotive Powertrains for India: Methanol Versus Electric Vehicles

      • Hardikk Valera, Avinash Kumar Agarwal

      Pages 89-123

   3. Engine Parameters Assessment for Alcohols Fuels Application in Compression Ignition Engines

      • Sam Shamun, Giacomo Belgiorno, Gabriele Di Blasio

      Pages 125-139

   4. A Comprehensive Review on Oxygenated Fuel Additive Options for Unregulated Emission Reduction from Diesel Engines

      • Vijayashree, V. Ganesan

      Pages 141-165

   5. Influence of DEE on Entropy Generation and Emission Characteristics of DI Diesel Engine Fuelled with WCO Biodiesel

      • Veena Chaudhary, R. P. Gakkhar

      Pages 167-178

   6. Bioethanol Operation in a DI Diesel Engine with DEE Fumigation

      • Dulari Hansdah, Prabha Chand, S. Murugan

      Pages 179-197

5. Advancements in Alternative Fuels

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 199-199

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   2. Combustion and Emission Characteristics, and Emission Control of CNG Fueled Vehicles

      • Nirendra N. Mustafi, Avinash Kumar Agarwal

      Pages 201-228

   3. Biogas for Transport Sector: Current Status, Barriers, and Path Forward for Large-Scale Adaptation

      • Nirendra N. Mustafi, Avinash Kumar Agarwal

      Pages 229-271

   4. CO2 Sequestration in Shale with Enhanced Gas Recovery

      • Danqing Liu, Sen Yang, Yilian Li, Ramesh Agarwal

      Pages 273-291

   5. BioGTL: A Potential Technique for Converting Methane to Methanol (Waste to Energy)

      • Aradhana Priyadarsini, Lepakshi Barbora, Vijayanand S. Moholkar

      Pages 293-309

This book covers alternative fuels and their utilization strategies in internal combustion engines. The main objective of this book is to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in the production and utilization aspects of different types of liquid and gaseous alternative fuels. In the last few years, methanol and DME have gained significant attention of the energy sector, because of their capability to be utilized in different types of engines. This book will be a valuable resource for researchers and practicing engineers alike.

• Alternative Fuels
• Methanol
• DME
• Biodiesel
• Air Pollution

• Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India

  Akhilendra Pratap Singh, Nirendra N. Mustafi , Avinash Kumar Agarwal

• Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Varanasi, Varanasi, India

  Yogesh C. Sharma

Dr. Akhilendra Pratap Singh is working at IIT Kanpur. He received his Masters and Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India in 2010 and 2016 respectively. His areas of research include advanced low temperature combustion; optical diagnostics with special reference to engine endoscopy and PIV; combustion diagnostics; engine emissions measurement; particulate characterization and their control; and alternative fuels. Dr. Singh has edited 7 books and authored 21 book chapters, 40 research articles in international journals and conferences. He has been awarded with ‘ISEES Best Ph.D. Thesis Award’ (2017), ‘SERB Indo-US Postdoctoral Fellowship’ (2017) and ‘IEI Young Engineer Award’ (2017). He is a member of numerous professional societies, including SAE, ASME, and ISEES.


Prof. Yogesh C. Sharma is a full Professor in Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, India. He is Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry (FRSC), UK, and a Fellow (Elected) of the Biotech. Research Society of India (FBRS). His areas of interest includes adsorption and diffusion, water remediation, renewable energy, biodiesel production and synthesis of heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production. He authored of four books and published more than 150 research papers in reputed international journals. Prof. Sharma is a highly cited research author and has ~8000 citations with h index of 41.


Dr. Nirendra N. Mustafi received his PhD on particulate emissions from a dual fuel engine operated on alternative gaseous fuels (NG and biogas) from The University of Auckland, New Zealand in 2008. Then he joined back to the department of mechanical engineering at Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology (RUET), Bangladesh. He was appointed Professor at RUET in 2013, where he teaches different courses of mechanical engineering such as Heat Transfer, Thermodynamics and Applied Thermodynamics, Internal Combustion Engines, Automobile Engineering, Renewable Energy. He also served as the Head of mechanical engineering department, Dean of faculty of mechanical engineering and Director of Institute of Energy and Environmental studies at RUET. His research experiences and interests lie on Engine particulate matter emissions measurement and characterization, Dual fuel engines, Alternative fuels for IC engines, Simulation analysis of SI engine performance and emissions, Sustainable and renewable energy engineering Energy conversions, and Waste-to-energy. Currently, he is staying at Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India as a visiting fellow in mechanical engineering. He has authored and co-authored more than 30 papers in journals and conferences.


Prof. Avinash Kumar Agarwal joined IIT Kanpur in 2001. He worked at the Engine Research Center, UW@Madison, USA as a Post-Doctoral Fellow (1999 – 2001). His interests are IC engines, combustion, alternate and conventional fuels, lubricating oil tribology, optical diagnostics, laser ignition, HCCI, emissions and particulate control, and large bore engines. Prof. Agarwal has published 270+ peer reviewed international journal and conference papers, 35 edited books, 63 books chapters and has 7850+ Scopus and 11900+ Google scholar citations. He is associate editor of ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology. He has edited “Handbook of Combustion” (5 Volumes; 3168 pages), published by Wiley VCH, Germany. Prof. Agarwal is a Fellow of SAE (2012), Fellow of ASME (2013), Fellow of NASI (2018), Fellow of Royal Society of Chemistry (2018), Fellow of ISEES (2015), and a Fellow of INAE (2015). He is recipient of several prestigious awards such as Clarivate Analystics India Citation Award-2017 in Engineering and Technology, NASI-Reliance Industries Platinum Jubilee Award-2012; INAE Silver Jubilee Young Engineer Award-2012; Dr. C. V. Raman Young Teachers Award: 2011; SAE Ralph R. TeetorEducational Award -2008; INSA Young Scientist Award-2007; UICT Young Scientist Award-2007; INAE Young Engineer Award-2005. Prof. Agarwal received Prestigious Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award-2016 in Engineering Sciences.

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