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Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs): Mammalian and Environmental Toxicology

  • Conference proceedings
  • © 1987

Overview

Editors:
  1. Stephen Safe

    1. Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College of Veterinary Medicine, College Station, USA

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Part of the book series: Environmental Toxin Series (TOXIN SERIES, volume 1)

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Table of contents (7 papers)

  1. Front Matter

    Pages I-X
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  2. Polychlorinated Biphenyls: Environmental Occurrence and Analysis

    • S. Safe, L. Safe, M. Mullin
    Pages 1-13

  3. Environmental Toxicology of Polychlorinated Biphenyls

    • L. G. Hansen
    Pages 15-48

  4. Mammalian Biologic and Toxic Effects of PCBs

    • A. Parkinson, S. Safe
    Pages 49-75

  5. Carcinogenic and Mutagenic Effects of PCBs

    • M. A. Hayes
    Pages 77-95

  6. Biotransformation of PCBs: Metabolic Pathways and Mechanisms

    • I. G. Sipes, R. G. Schnellmann
    Pages 97-110

  7. Physiologic Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Polychlorinated Biphenyls

    • R. J. Lutz, R. L. Dedrick
    Pages 111-131

  8. PCBs and Human Health

    • S. Safe
    Pages 133-145

  9. Back Matter

    Pages 147-152
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Keywords

About this book

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been produced commercially since be­ fore 1930. They proved to be highly versatile mixtures and their uses continued to expand during the early 1970's even after the unanticipated world-wide en­ vironmental contamination had been discovered (Jensen et aI. , 1969; Koeman et aI. , 1969). Over 600,000 metric-tons were produced and/or used in the U. S. during this time and it is estimated that worldwide production totaled about 1,200,000 metric-tons (Table 1). With low acute toxicities (Fishbein, 1974), these mixtures were considered gen­ erally biologically inactive even though industrial exposure had demonstrated he­ patic and dermatological effects (Fishbein, 1974; Hansen, 1987). Thus, use and disposal were not carefully monitored and it is estimated that one-third of the world-wide production of PCBs has been released into the global environment (Table 1). Table 1. Estimated production and disposition of PCBs b U. s. a Worldwide 6 6 Production/use 610 X 10 kg 1200 X 10 kg Mobil environmental reservoir 82 400 Static reservoirs In service 340 Dumps 130 Total static 470 800 a NAS, 1979 b Tatsukawa and Tanaba, 1984 2 Environmental Distribution Many countries now impose strict controls on the use and release of PCBs. Re­ lease into the environment has declined dramatically in the last decade, but con­ tinued release from reservoirs (Table 1) into burdened ecosystems (Table 2) ap­ pears inevitable for several more decades (Barros et aI. , 1984).

Editors and Affiliations

  • Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College of Veterinary Medicine, College Station, USA

    Stephen Safe

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