Coastal-Offshore Ecosystem Interactions

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-XV

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2. Water Exchange

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. Inshore/Offshore Water Exchange in Shallow Coastal Systems

      • J. Dronkers

      Pages 3-39

   3. Coastal/Offshore Water Exchange in Narrow, Deep Shelf Areas

      • T. A. McClimans

      Pages 40-49

   4. Satellite Remote Sensing for Estimating Coastal Offshore Transports

      • U. Horstmann

      Pages 50-66

3. Mass Balance Studies

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 67-67

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   2. The Use of Stable Isotope Ratios for Tracing the Nearshore-Offshore Exchange of Organic Matter

      • J. N. Gearing

      Pages 69-101

   3. Tidal Flat Areas

      • H. Postma

      Pages 102-121

   4. Patterns of Organic Carbon Exchange between Coastal Ecosystems

      • Charles S. Hopkinson Jr.

      Pages 122-154

   5. Coupling of Mangroves to the Productivity of Estuarine and Coastal Waters

      • Robert R. Twilley

      Pages 155-180

   6. Production and Transport of Organic Matter in Mangrove-Dominated Estuaries

      • Proserpina L. Gomez

      Pages 181-187

   7. Energy Flow through Fjord Systems

      • T. H. Pearson

      Pages 188-208

   8. Mass Balance in Coral Reef-Dominated Areas

      • S. V. Smith

      Pages 209-226

   9. Riverine C, N, Si and P Transport to the Coastal Ocean: An Overview

      • David H. Peterson, Stephen W. Hager, Laurence E. Schemel, Daniel R. Cayan

      Pages 227-253

4. Active Transport

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 255-255

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   2. Fish Migrations Between Coastal and Offshore Areas

      • J. J. Zijlstra

      Pages 257-272

   3. Larval Transport in Coastal Crustacea: Three Case Histories

      • Peter C. Rothlisberg

      Pages 273-290

   4. Transport of Crab Larvae between Estuaries and the Continental Shelf

      • Charles E. Epifanio

      Pages 291-305

5. Numerical Modelling

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 307-307

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   2. Coupling of Hydrodynamic and Ecosystems Modelling Applied to Tidal Estuaries

      • R. J. Uncles

      Pages 309-354

stable isotope ratios act as naturally-occurring tracers for organic matter, making possible, under certain conditions, the quantification of coastal-offshore exchanges. In general, organic matter has isotope ratios characteristic of its origin (e. g. plants with different modes of photosynthesis and different growth conditions, anthropogenic compounds). These ratios are maintained as the organic matter moves through the biosphere and geosphere. A mixture of organic matter from two sources has isotope ratios intermediate between those of the two sources, in proportion to the fraction of material from each source. Isotope ratios are one of the few methods which can trace organic matter as it moves through natural ecosystems. Ratios can be measured on both the total organic matter and on particular chemical fractions or compounds. When used on organisms, isotope ratios provide information of organic matter actually assimilated into body tissues, not just material ingested. As with all tools, this method has certain limitations which must be borne in mind when interpreting its results. Firstly, specific environmental conditions must be met. This generally means an ecosystem with a limited and known number of sources of organic matter having different isotope ratios. Two sources with different isotope ratios are ideal; additional sources with other isotope ratios complicate interpretation. Secondly, the difference in isotope ratios of the two sources should be large compared with analytical variability. Thirdly, the ratios within each source should vary as little as possible.

• Coast
• Mangrove
• Ocean
• ecosystem
• energy
• environment
• lake

• Askö Laboratory, University of Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden

  Bengt-Owe Jansson

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