The Environment-Conflict Nexus

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xiii

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2. The Environment–Conflict Nexus

   • Francis A. Galgano

   Pages 1-17

3. States at Risk: The Environment–Conflict Model

   • Francis A. Galgano

   Pages 19-45

4. Defining Climate Change: What to Expect in a Warmer World

   • Adam J. Kalkstein

   Pages 47-57

5. Abrupt Climate Change

   • Francis A. Galgano

   Pages 59-72

6. Water in the Middle East

   • Francis A. Galgano

   Pages 73-89

7. Water, Land, and Governance: Environmental Security in Dense Urban Areas in Sub-Saharan Africa

   • Amy K. Richmond

   Pages 91-102

8. When Politics, the Environment, and Advocacy Compete–Environmental Security in the South China Sea

   • Wiley C. Thompson

   Pages 103-118

9. East Africa in World War I: A Geographic Analysis

   • Andrew D. Lohman

   Pages 119-137

10. Conflict in the Horn of Africa: The Ogaden War of 1977

    • Francis A. Galgano

    Pages 139-154

11. The 1994 Rwandan Genocide

    • Amy K. Richmond, Francis A. Galgano

    Pages 155-166

12. Climate and the Syrian Civil War

    • Mark R. Read

    Pages 167-176

13. Back Matter

    Pages 177-181

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The aim of this book is to demonstrate how environmental factors have caused an evolution in the landscape of national security since the end of the Cold War. Through relevant case studies, the scope of the problem on the national security landscape due to environmental stressors is illuminated, examined, and synthesized with climate-related data. Human variables such as governance, GDP, and vulnerability are taken into account, and are compared against environmental factors to more accurately determine the causative agents of regional conflicts which threaten national security. These case studies comprise the majority of the text, and they show how individual conflicts are uniquely influenced by environmental stress with variations from situation to situation. This book will be of interest to government and military professionals, and may serve as a resource for college courses in the areas of military geography, international affairs, and sustainability studies. 

• Environmental security
• Military geography
• National security affairs
• Regional conflict
• Abrupt climate change
• Hazard mitigation
• Water in the Middle East
• The Rwandan Genocide
• The Ogaden War
• Relative deprivation conflicts
• climate change
• climate change impacts

• Department of Geography and the Environment, Villanova University, Villanova, USA

  Francis Galgano

Dr. Francis A. Galgano is an Associate Professor and the founding Chair of the Department of Geography and the Environment at Villanova University. Dr. Galgano conducts research in the field of geography and national security affairs, especially in the fields of environmental security, governance, and effective sovereignty. Specifically, he examines the relationship between environmental change and violent conflict. Dr. Galgano teaches related courses at Villanova such as the Geography of National Security, Sustainability Studies, Medical Geography, Land Use Planning,  and Humanitarian Development and Sustainability. He has published five books, three physical geography study guides, and more than thirty professional articles focused on geographic, environmental, and military subjects. 

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