Cardiovascular Calcification and Bone Mineralization

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xxi

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2. Cardiovascular Calcification

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. The History of Cardiovascular Calcification

      • Joshua D. Hutcheson, Elena Aikawa

      Pages 3-11

   3. Basic Pathology of Arterial and Valvular Calcification in Humans

      • Atsushi Sakamoto, Yu Sato, Aloke V. Finn, Renu Virmani

      Pages 13-45

   4. Developmental Pathways and Aortic Valve Calcification

      • M. Victoria Gomez-Stallons, Keira Hassel, Katherine E. Yutzey

      Pages 47-71

   5. Differential Mechanisms of Arterial and Valvular Calcification

      • Maximillian A. Rogers, Elena Aikawa

      Pages 73-95

   6. Calcifying Extracellular Vesicles: Biology, Characterization, and Mineral Formation

      • Hooi Hooi Ng, Jessica E. Molina, Joshua D. Hutcheson

      Pages 97-116

   7. Role of Biomechanical Stress and Mechanosensitive miRNAs in Calcific Aortic Valve Disease

      • Nicolas Villa-Roel, Kitae Ryu, Hanjoong Jo

      Pages 117-135

   8. The Role of Chronic Kidney Disease in Ectopic Calcification

      • Joanne Laycock, Malgorzata Furmanik, Mengxi Sun, Leon J. Schurgers, Rukshana Shroff, Catherine M. Shanahan

      Pages 137-166

   9. The Role of Calcification in Peripheral Artery Disease

      • Tanner I. Kim, Raul J. Guzman

      Pages 167-181

   10. Bioprosthetic Heart Valve Calcification: Clinicopathologic Correlations, Mechanisms, and Prevention

       • Frederick J. Schoen, Robert J. Levy

       Pages 183-215

3. Ectopic Calcification

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 217-217

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   2. Electron Microscopy for the Characterization of Soft Tissue Mineralization

      • Elena Tsolaki, Sergio Bertazzo

      Pages 219-234

   3. Cardiovascular Calcification in Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria and Correlation with Age-Related Degenerative Calcification

      • Richard N. Mitchell

      Pages 235-245

   4. Calcinosis in Scleroderma

      • Sonia Nasreen Ahmad, Elena Gostjeva, Jianfei Ma, Richard Stratton

      Pages 247-261

   5. Placental Calcification: Long-standing Questions and New Biomedical Research Directions

      • Ana Correia-Branco, Sampada Kallol, Nimish Adhikari, Carlo Donato Caiaffa, Nirmala Jayaraman, Olga Kashpur et al.

      Pages 263-296

   6. Heterotopic Ossification Following Traumatic Blast Injury

      • Thomas E. Robinson, Sophie C. Cox, Liam M. Grover

      Pages 297-315

4. Bone Mineralization

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 317-317

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   2. The Paradoxical Relationship Between Skeletal and Cardiovascular Mineralization

      • Sidney Iriana, Yin Tintut, Linda L. Demer

      Pages 319-332

   3. Cellular Contributors to Bone Homeostasis

      • Martina Rauner, Katharina Jähn, Haniyeh Hemmatian, Juliane Colditz, Claudia Goettsch

      Pages 333-371

The book covers the basic science and clinical aspects of cardiovascular calcification and bone mineralization. Cardiovascular calcification is the leading predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, with a predictive value more significant than blood lipid levels. The presence of calcific mineral in cardiovascular tissues alters biomechanical performance, increasing workload on the heart and potentiating atherosclerotic plaque rupture and subsequent heart attack and stroke. This book examines the role of calcification in cardiovascular disease covering topics such as calcification in the atherosclerotic plaques and aortic valves arteries and valves, aortic valve replacement, peripheral artery disease, imaging of early calcification and target discovery. In addition, various forms of ectopic calcification as well as mechanisms of bone mineralization are discussed.


Cardiovascular Calcification and Bone Mineralization is an essential resource for clinicians, researchers, and other medical professionals in cardiology, pathology, and biomedical engineering.

• Aortic valve calcification
• Atherosclerosis and calcification
• Bone formation and calcification
• Cardiovascular and ectopic calcification
• Cardiovascular calcification and bone formation
• Cardiovascular disease and calcification
• Ectopic mineralization
• Imaging of early calcification
• Peripheral arterial disease and calcification
• Vascular calcification

• Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA

  Elena Aikawa

• Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, USA

  Joshua D. Hutcheson

Elena Aikawa, MD, PhDDirector, Vascular Biology Program
Director, Heart Valve Translational Research Program (HVTRP)
Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Associate Professor of Medicine
Harvard Medical School
Boston, MA


Joshua D. Hutcheson, PhD
Assistant Professor
Biomolecular Sciences Institute
Department of Biomedical Engineering
Florida International University
Miami, FL

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