Shallow Clouds, Water Vapor, Circulation, and Climate Sensitivity

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-viii

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2. Convective Self-Aggregation in Numerical Simulations: A Review

   • Allison A. Wing, Kerry Emanuel, Christopher E. Holloway, Caroline Muller

   Pages 1-25

3. Observing Convective Aggregation

   • Christopher E. Holloway, Allison A. Wing, Sandrine Bony, Caroline Muller, Hirohiko Masunaga, Tristan S. L’Ecuyer et al.

   Pages 27-64

4. An Observational View of Relationships Between Moisture Aggregation, Cloud, and Radiative Heating Profiles

   • Matthew D. Lebsock, Tristan S. L’Ecuyer, Robert Pincus

   Pages 65-82

5. Correction to: An Observational View of Relationships Between Moisture Aggregation, Cloud, and Radiative Heating Profiles

   • Matthew D. Lebsock, Tristan S. L’Ecuyer, Robert Pincus

   Pages 83-83

6. Implications of Warm Rain in Shallow Cumulus and Congestus Clouds for Large-Scale Circulations

   • Louise Nuijens, Kerry Emanuel, Hirohiko Masunaga, Tristan L’Ecuyer

   Pages 85-110

7. A Survey of Precipitation-Induced Atmospheric Cold Pools over Oceans and Their Interactions with the Larger-Scale Environment

   • Paquita Zuidema, Giuseppe Torri, Caroline Muller, Arunchandra Chandra

   Pages 111-133

8. Low-Cloud Feedbacks from Cloud-Controlling Factors: A Review

   • Stephen A. Klein, Alex Hall, Joel R. Norris, Robert Pincus

   Pages 135-157

9. Mechanisms and Model Diversity of Trade-Wind Shallow Cumulus Cloud Feedbacks: A Review

   • Jessica Vial, Sandrine Bony, Bjorn Stevens, Raphaela Vogel

   Pages 159-181

10. Importance Profiles for Water Vapor

    • Brian Mapes, Arunchandra S. Chandra, Zhiming Kuang, Paquita Zuidema

    Pages 183-197

11. Structure and Dynamical Influence of Water Vapor in the Lower Tropical Troposphere

    • Bjorn Stevens, Hélène Brogniez, Christoph Kiemle, Jean-Lionel Lacour, Cyril Crevoisier, Johannes Kiliani

    Pages 199-225

12. The Representation of Tropospheric Water Vapor Over Low-Latitude Oceans in (Re-)analysis: Errors, Impacts, and the Ability to Exploit Current and Prospective Observations

    • Robert Pincus, Anton Beljaars, Stefan A. Buehler, Gottfried Kirchengast, Florian Ladstaedter, Jeffrey S. Whitaker

    Pages 227-251

13. Airborne Lidar Observations of Water Vapor Variability in Tropical Shallow Convective Environment

    • Christoph Kiemle, Silke Groß, Martin Wirth, Luca Bugliaro

    Pages 253-271

14. Emerging Technologies and Synergies for Airborne and Space-Based Measurements of Water Vapor Profiles

    • Amin R. Nehrir, Christoph Kiemle, Mathew D. Lebsock, Gottfried Kirchengast, Stefan A. Buehler, Ulrich Löhnert et al.

    Pages 273-310

15. Observational Constraints on Cloud Feedbacks: The Role of Active Satellite Sensors

    • David Winker, Helene Chepfer, Vincent Noel, Xia Cai

    Pages 311-336

16. Shallow Circulations: Relevance and Strategies for Satellite Observation

    • Gilles Bellon, Oliver Reitebuch, Ann Kristin Naumann

    Pages 337-356

17. EUREC4A: A Field Campaign to Elucidate the Couplings Between Clouds, Convection and Circulation

    • Sandrine Bony, Bjorn Stevens, Felix Ament, Sebastien Bigorre, Patrick Chazette, Susanne Crewell et al.

    Pages 357-396

This volume presents a series of overview articles arising from a workshop exploring the links among shallow clouds, water vapor, circulation, and climate sensitivity. It provides a state-of-the art synthesis of understanding about the coupling of clouds and water vapor to the large-scale circulation. The emphasis is on two phenomena, namely the self-aggregation of deep convection and interactions between low clouds and the large-scale environment, with direct links to the sensitivity of climate to radiative perturbations. Each subject is approached using simulations, observations, and synthesizing theory; particular attention is paid to opportunities offered by new remote-sensing technologies, some still prospective. The collection provides a thorough grounding in topics representing one of the World Climate Research Program’s Grand Challenges.


Previously published in Surveys in Geophysics, Volume 38, Issue 6, 2017

The aritcles “Observing Convective Aggregation”, “An Observational View of Relationships Between Moisture Aggregation, Cloud, and Radiative Heating Profiles”, “Implications of Warm Rain in Shallow Cumulus and Congestus Clouds for Large-Scale Circulations”, “A Survey of Precipitation-Induced Atmospheric Cold Pools over Oceans and Their Interactions with the Larger-Scale Environment”, “Low-Cloud Feedbacks from Cloud-Controlling Factors: A Review”, “Mechanisms and Model Diversity of Trade-Wind Shallow Cumulus Cloud Feedbacks: A Review”, “Structure and Dynamical Influence of Water Vapor in the Lower Tropical Troposphere”, “Emerging Technologies and Synergies for Airborne and Space-Based Measurements of Water Vapor Profiles”, “Observational Constraints on Cloud Feedbacks: The Role of Active Satellite Sensors”, and “EUREC⁴A: A Field Campaign to Elucidate the Couplings Between Clouds, Convection and Circulation” are available as open access articles under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com.

• Clouds, circulation and climate sensitivity
• Clouds and large-scale circulation
• Water vapor
• Atmospheric circulation
• Convection and atmospheric science
• Remote sensing and clouds
• Cloud feedbacks
• Aggregation and meteorology
• ISSI workshop
• climate change

• Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder , Boulder, USA

  Robert Pincus

• Atmospheric Sciences, NASA Langley Research Center Atmospheric Sciences, HAMPTON, USA

  David Winker

• Institute Pierre Simon Laplace, Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique , Paris, France

  Sandrine Bony

• Max Planck Institute for Meteorology , Hamburg, Germany

  Bjorn Stevens

Robert Pincus is a senior research scientist at the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences at the University of Colorado. He works on problems at the nexus of clouds, radiation, and climate ranging from practical questions as to how radiation calculations may be optimally coupled to modeling systems, through efforts aimed at the robust comparison of models and remote sensing observations, to a range of contributions synthesizing how observations of the past and projections of future change can be synthesized.

David Winker is a senior scientist at NASA Langley Research Center and Principal Investigator of the CALIPSO satellite mission. His work focuses on the use of lidar and combined lidar and passive observations to better understand atmospheric aerosols and clouds. His efforts have ranged from the development of space lidar systems and innovative retrieval techniques to the development of global lidar data products tailored to the needs of the climate and operational weather forecast communities. CALIPSO global cloud products have served as benchmark references for the GEWEX Cloud Assessment and for the evaluation of cloud thermodynamic phase in global models, leading to new insights into the behavior of clouds and guiding the improvement of models.

Bjorn Stevens is a director at the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, where he leads the Atmosphere in the Earth System Department, and a professor at the University of Hamburg. His research, which uses a wide range of methodologies to study how water in the atmosphere influences Earth’s climate, has made important contributions to understanding of how turbulent mixing and cloud microphysical processes influence the structure and organization of clouds.  In showing how these processes influence the cloud response to warming, and how radiative forcing responds to aerosol perturbations, his research has proven instrumental for our present comprehension of climate change. 

Sandrine Bony is a Director of Research at the National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) in France, working at the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD) of Sorbonne University. Her research aims at understanding the role of clouds in climate and in climate change through modeling, observational and theoretical approaches. Her most important contributions include unraveling the physical mechanisms through which clouds respond to climate change and influence climate sensitivity, showing the influence of the organization of tropical convection on climate, and understanding the ways in which clouds and precipitation couple to atmospheric circulations.

 

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