Nutrients and Cancer Prevention

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xvi

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2. Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. Two Operational Modes of Transmembrane Migration of Cyclic Gmp Signal Pathway

      • Rameshwar K. Sharma

      Pages 3-18

3. Mechanisms of Action of Nutrients in Cancer Prevention

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 19-19

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   2. Counteractions of Retinoic Acid and Phorbol Ester Tumor Promoter Related to Changes in Protein Kinase Activities

      • W. B. Anderson, C. Liapi, J. Strasburger, R. Gopalakrishna, A. Plet, F. Raynaud et al.

      Pages 21-38

   3. Effect of Alpha Tocopheryl Succinate on Cell Differentiation and Adenylate Cyclase System

      • Kedar N. Prasad, Judith Edwards-Prasad

      Pages 39-52

   4. Effect of Nutrition on Carcinogenesis: Mechanisms Involving Nitrosamines

      • Chung S. Yang, Shih-Hsin Lu

      Pages 53-70

   5. Mechanisms in Cancer Prevention by Dietary Antixodiants

      • Carmia Borek

      Pages 71-78

   6. Effects of Protease Inhibitors and Vitamin E in the Prevention of Cancer

      • Ann R. Kennedy

      Pages 79-98

   7. Carotenoids Inhibit Chemically- and Physically-Induced Neoplastic Transformation during the Post-Initiation Phase of Carcinogenesis

      • J. S. Bertram, J. E. Rundhaug, A. Pung

      Pages 99-111

   8. Fatty Acids That Inhibit Cancer: Conjugated Dienoic Derivatives of Linoleic Acid

      • Michael W. Pariza, Yeong L. Ha

      Pages 113-117

   9. The Usefulness of In Vitro Assays and Animal Experiments in the Design of Chemopreventive Protocols with Beta-Carotene and Vitamin a on Tobacco Chewers

      • H. F. Stich, S. S. Tsang, B. Palcic, B. Mathew, R. Sankaranarayanan, M. K. Nair

      Pages 119-134

   10. Dietary Modulation of Tobacco-Specific Carcinogen Activation

       • A. Castonguay, P. Pepin, M. A. Alaoui-Jamali, G. Rossignol

       Pages 135-153

   11. Mechanisms of Specific Nutrients in the Prevention of Cancer

       • Michael J. Hill

       Pages 155-179

4. Preclinical Studies in Cancer Prevention and Treatment

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 181-181

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   2. Reduction of Ultraviolet-Induced Immunosuppression and Enhanced Resistance to Ultraviolet-Induced Tumors by Retinyl Palmitate and Canthaxanthin

      • Helen L. Gensler

      Pages 183-195

   3. Retinoids and Prevention of Experimental Cancer

      • Richard C. Moon

      Pages 197-206

   4. Selenium and Vitamin E in Cancer Prevention

      • Raymond J. Shamberger

      Pages 207-224

   5. Vitamin B6 and Cancer

      • Hans P. Fortmeyer

      Pages 225-237

5. Clinical Studies in Cancer Prevention and Treatment

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 239-239

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During the last 10 years, the role of specific nutrients in cancer prevention and cancer treatment has been the subject of intense basic, preclinical, and clinical research. At present, the major focus of nutri­ tional oncology is on the mechanisms of carcinogenesis and their modification by nutrients and on cancer prevention studies in animals and humans. Some human epidemiological studies have confirmed the hypothesis, developed on animals, that there is an inverse relation­ ship between the intake and/or level of !3-carotene, vitamin A vita­ min E, or vitamin C and the risk of cancer, whereas others have shown no such relationship. This is not unexpected, since the protective effect of individual nutrients may be too small to be detected by epidemiological methodologies in which a single vitamin or mineral is considered as one variable. Conclusive evidence regarding the role of nutrients in human cancer prevention will come from a well­ designed human intervention study using one or more nutrients in a population that has a high risk of developing cancer. The involvement of specific nutrients in the regulation of protooncogene expression has just begun. Also, some of the results of human intervention trials are beginning to yield interesting results. A large number of interna­ tional scientists from various disciplines, including cell biology, mo­ lecular biology, nutritional oncology, epidemiology, and public health, reviewed and discussed their most recent findings. The following topics were emphasized: 1. Mechanisms of carcinogenesis; 2.

• Public Health
• Retinol
• Vitamin
• Vitamin A
• Vitamin B6
• Vitamin C
• Vitamin D
• Vitamin E
• cancer
• cancer prevention
• carotenoids
• cell biology
• intervention
• nutrition
• prevention

• Health Sciences Center, University of Colorado, Denver, USA

  Kedar N. Prasad

• Irvine Medical Center, University of California, Orange, USA

  Frank L. Meyskens

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