Detergents

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-XV

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2. Anionic Surfactants

   • H. A. Painter

   Pages 1-88

3. The Environmental Chemistry, Fate and Effects of Nonionic Surfactants

   • M. S. Holt, G. C. Mitchell, R. J. Watkinson

   Pages 89-144

4. Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants

   • Robert S. Boethling, David G. Lynch

   Pages 145-177

5. Phosphate

   • D. Gleisberg

   Pages 179-203

6. Zeolites

   • P. Christophliemk, P. Gerike, M. Potokar

   Pages 205-228

7. Citrate

   • Hazen L. Hoyt, Herman L. Gewanter

   Pages 229-242

8. EDTA—Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid

   • K. Wolf, P. A. Gilbert

   Pages 243-259

9. Environmental Properties and Safety Assessment of Organic Phosphonates Used for Detergent and Water Treatment Applications

   • William E. Gledhill, Tom C. J. Feijtel

   Pages 261-285

10. Perborate

    • Karen Raymond, Lucy Butterwick

    Pages 287-318

11. TAED—Tetraacetylethylenediamine

    • P. A. Gilbert

    Pages 319-328

12. Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)

    • J. G. Batelaan, C. G. van Ginkel, F. Balk

    Pages 329-336

13. Polymeric Materials Polycarboxylates

    • Hans-Joachim Opgenorth

    Pages 337-350

14. Fluorescent Whitening Agents

    • J. B. Kramer

    Pages 351-366

15. Anthropogenic Silicates

    • J. S. Falcone Jr., J. G. Blumberg

    Pages 367-382

16. Silicones

    • Jerry L. Hamelink

    Pages 383-398

17. Back Matter

    Pages 399-406

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Environmental Chemistry is a relatively young science. Interest in this subject, however, is growing very rapidly and, although no agreement has been reached as yet about the exact content and limits of this interdisciplinary subject, there appears to be increasing interest in seeing environmental topics which are based on chemistry embodied in this subject. One of the first objectives of Environ­ mental Chemistry must be the study of the environment and of natural chemical processes which occur in the environment. A major purpose of this series on Environmental Chemistry, therefore, is to present a reasonably uniform view of various aspects of the chemistry of the environment and chemical reactions occuring in the environment. The industrial activities of man have given a new dimension to Environ­ mental Chemistry. We have now synthesized and described over five million chemical compounds and chemical industry produces about one hundred and fifty million tons of synthetic chemicals annually. We ship billions of tons of oil per year and through mining operations and other geophysical modifications, large quantities of inorganic and organic materials are released from their natural deposits. Cities and metropolitan areas of up to 15 million inhabitants produce large quantities ofwaste in relatively small and confined areas. Much of the chemical products and was te products of modern society are released into the environment either during production, storage, transport, use or ultimate disposal. These released materials participate in natural cycles and reactions and frequently lead to interference and disturbance of natural systems.

• Ammonium
• Detergents
• Ecology
• Environmental Chemistry
• Environmental Protection
• Environmental Sciences
• Umwelt
• Umweltchemie
• Umweltschutz
• Waschmittel
• phosphate
• transport
• Ökologie
• Ökosystem
• water quality and water pollution
• ecotoxicology

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