Wastewater Treatment in Constructed Wetlands with Horizontal Sub-Surface Flow

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xiv

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2. Introduction

   Pages 1-10

3. Transformation Mechanisms of Major Nutrients and Metals in Wetlands

   Pages 11-91

4. Wetland Plants

   Pages 93-120

5. Types of Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment

   Pages 121-202

6. Horizontal Flow Constructed Wetlands

   Pages 203-322

7. Types of Wastewater Treated in HF Constructed Wetlands

   Pages 323-354

8. The Use of HF Constructed Wetlands in the World

   Pages 355-432

9. Back Matter

   Pages 433-566

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Wetlands have been used for uncontrolled wastewater disposal for centuries. However, the change in attitude towards wetlands during the 1950s and 1960s caused the minimization of the use of natural wetlands for wastewater treatment (at least in developed countries). Constructed wetlands have been used for wastewater treatment for about forty years. Constructed wetland treatment systems are engineered systems that have been designed and constructed to utilize the natural processes for removal of pollutants. They are designed to take advantage of many of the same processes that occur in natural wetlands, but do so within a more controlled environment. The aim of this book is to summarize the knowledge on horizontal s- surface flow constructed wetlands (HF CWs) and objectively evaluate their treatment efficiency under various conditions. The information on this type of wastewater treatment technology is scattered in many publications but a comprehensive summary based on world-wide experience has been lacking. The book provides an extensive overview of this treatment technology around the world, including examples from more than 50 countries and examples of various types of wastewater treated in HF CWs.

• constructed wetlands
• horizontal sub-surface flow
• horizontal subsurface flow
• macrophytes
• municipal sewage
• nutrients
• wastewater
• wastewater treatment
• wetland
• water quality and water pollution
• water quality and water pollution

• ENKI, o.p.s., Třeboň, Czech Republic

  Jan Vymazal, Lenka Kröpfelová

• Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Praha 6, Czech Republic

  Jan Vymazal

Jan Vymazal received his degrees from the Department of Water and Environmental Technology at the Prague Institute of Chemical Technology. He started working with constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment in the late 1980s at the Water Research Institute in Prague. After spending two years at Duke University Wetland Center as a visiting scholar during 1991-1993, he started to work as a freelance researcher. In 2001, he joined NGO ENKI, o.p.s. in Trebon in southern Bohemia. In 2004, he was appointed as an Associate Adjunct Professor at the Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences at Duke University. In 2007, he also joined the Institute of Systems Biology and Ecology of the Czech Academy of Sciences and the Faculty of Environmental Sciences at the Czech University of Life Sciences Prague. He is a member of many national and international professional societies, such as the International Water Association (secretary of the specialized group on the ‘Use of Macrophytesfor Water Pollution Control’), Society of Wetland Scientists, Phycological Society of America, Czech Algological Society (President), Czech Botanical and Limnological Societies.

 

Lenka Kröpfelová received her MSc. degree from the Department of Technology of Silicates at the Prague Institute of Chemical Technology. Between 1995 and 2001, she was affiliated with the environmental company ENVI, in Trebon, as a specialist on hydrochemistry of freshwaters and natural wetlands. In 2001, she joined NGO ENKI, o.p.s. as an environmental researcher and since 2003 she has been mainly focusing on constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment. Lenka Kröpfelová is a member of the International Water Association and Society of Wetland Scientists.

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