Clouds, Chemistry and Climate

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-XI

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2. NATO ARW on Clouds — Session Summaries

   • T. E. Nordeng, S. Borrmann, A. Heymsfield, S. E. Schwartz, K. A. Emanuel, J. Lelieveld et al.

   Pages 1-16

3. Microphysical and Dynamical Control of Tropospheric Water Vapor

   • Kerry A. Emanuel, Raymond T. Pierrehumbert

   Pages 17-28

4. Interactions of Radiation and Microphysics in Cirrus

   • J. Heintzenberg, Y. Fouquart, A. Heymsfield, J. Ström, G. Brogniez

   Pages 29-55

5. Lifetimes of Ice Crystals in the Upper Troposphere and Stratosphere

   • Th. Peter, M. Baker

   Pages 57-82

6. Abrupt climatic changes: A global perspective from ice cores

   • Jean Jouzel, Claus Hammer, Claude Lorius, Sigfus Johnsen, Pieter Grootes, Michel Stievenard et al.

   Pages 83-108

7. GCM Studies and Parameterization

   • E. Roeckner, H. Le Treut, G. Seze, W. Yu, M. Doutriaux, U. Lohmann

   Pages 109-133

8. The Central Equatorial Pacific Experiment

   • W. D. Collins, V. Ramanathan, P. J. Crutzen, A. Heymsfield, J. P. Kuettner, D. Kley et al.

   Pages 135-171

9. Stratosphere-Troposphere Exchange and its role in the budget of tropospheric ozone

   • James R. Holton, Jos Lelieveld

   Pages 173-190

10. Enhanced Shortwave Cloud Radiative Forcing Due To Anthropogenic Aerosols

    • S. E. Schwartz, A. Slingo

    Pages 191-236

11. Satellite Observations of Upper Tropospheric Aerosols

    • G. S. Kent

    Pages 237-260

12. Back Matter

    Pages 261-264

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The objective of this NATO Advanced Research Workshop was to discuss our current understanding of the role of clouds in climate and chemistry. The range of topics dis­ cussed during the workshop included: modeling of clouds in GCMs; observations of the cloud micro physical properties; the water vapor cycle; troposphere-stratosphere exchange; role of in-cloud transport in tropospheric ozone; regulation of current and paleo climate by clouds; and anthropogenic sulfate aerosols and modification of cloud properties. The essence of the discussions is captured in the accompanying summary by the rapporteurs and the chapters by some of the speakers. The underlying message is that significant progress has been made, resulting in exciting new developments in our perception of the role of clouds in the global system . .. The tropical convective-cirrus cloud systems emerge as a major influence on the climate system. Micro physical processes, such as the rate of precipitation and re evaporation of ice particles, seem to regulate the large scale vertical distribution of water vapor which is the dominant greenhouse gas. Water vapor data collected during the Central Equatorial Pacific Experiment (CEPEX), document the large moistening effect of deep convection on scales of thousands of kilometers. A major chemical finding in the same region was the observation of extremely low ozone 8 volume mixing ratios of less than 10- in the entire troposphere of the central equatorial Pacific extending over a distance of about 2000 km. This finding establishes the Pacific as a major chemical sink region for tropospheric ozone.

• Aerosol
• Cloud
• Clouds
• Troposphere
• atmosphere
• atmospheric chemistry
• chemistry
• climate
• climatology
• ozone
• paleoclimate
• radiation
• satellite
• stratosphere
• water
• air pollution and air quality

"..a most informative summary of selected key topics by a group of international atmospheric scientists whose qualifications for this task are impeccable." - Australian Meteorological Magazine

• Max-Planck-Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany

  Paul J. Crutzen

• Center for Clouds, Chemistry, and Climate, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, USA

  Veerabhadran Ramanathan

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