Tile-Based Geospatial Information Systems

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xiv

   PDF

2. Introduction

   • John T. Sample, Elias Ioup

   Pages 1-3

3. Logical Tile Schemes

   • John T. Sample, Elias Ioup

   Pages 5-15

4. Tiled Mapping Clients

   • John T. Sample, Elias Ioup

   Pages 17-33

5. Image Processing and Manipulation

   • John T. Sample, Elias Ioup

   Pages 35-79

6. Image Tile Creation

   • John T. Sample, Elias Ioup

   Pages 81-95

7. Optimization of Tile Creation

   • John T. Sample, Elias Ioup

   Pages 97-116

8. Tile Storage

   • John T. Sample, Elias Ioup

   Pages 117-131

9. Practical Tile Storage

   • John T. Sample, Elias Ioup

   Pages 133-149

10. Tile Serving

    • John T. Sample, Elias Ioup

    Pages 151-164

11. Map Projections

    • John T. Sample, Elias Ioup

    Pages 165-191

12. Tile Creation using Vector Data

    • John T. Sample, Elias Ioup

    Pages 193-203

13. Case Study: Tiles from Blue Marble Imagery

    • John T. Sample, Elias Ioup

    Pages 205-220

14. Case Study: Supporting Multiple Tile Clients

    • John T. Sample, Elias Ioup

    Pages 221-233

15. Back Matter

    Pages 235-237

    PDF

Tile-based mapping systems have grown to become the dominant form of mapping system with the rise of Web-based mapping tools. The origin of this book is a desire to collect all our discoveries, techniques, and best practices for creating a til- mapping system into one combined volume. The intent of this text is to provide a comprehensive guide to the theory behind creating a tiled-map system as well as a practical guide to create a concrete implementation. Stennis Space Center, MS John Sample May 2010 Elias Ioup vii Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank the Naval Research Laboratory’s Base Program, program element number 0602435N, for sponsoring this research. Additionally, the following people provided technical assistance without which this book would not have been possible: Perry Beason, Frank McCreedy, Norm Schoenhardt, Brett Hode, Bruce Lin, Annie Holladay, Juliette Ioup, and Hillary Mesick. ix Contents 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. 1 Background of Web-Based Mapping Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. 2 Properties of tile-based mapping systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1. 3 Book Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2 Logical Tile Schemes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2. 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2. 2 Global Logical Tile Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2. 3 Blue Marble Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2. 4 Mercator-Based Schema . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2. 5 Variable Start Tile Schemes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2. 6 Standardized Schema . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3 Tiled Mapping Clients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 3. 1 Tile Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 3. 1. 1 Discrete Map Scales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 3. 1. 2 Continuous Map Scales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 3. 2 Tile Retrieval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 3. 2. 1 Local Tile Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

• GIS
• Geoinformationssysteme
• Internet
• algorithms
• computer science
• currentjm
• geospatial
• image processing
• information system
• spatial information

From the reviews:

“This book will be of interest primarily to practitioners: developers and designers of software systems that need map or imagery graphics. … The material is clearly presented and easy to understand, and includes pointers to how different commercial and open-source systems or technologies available today … . All in all, this book is a decent introduction to problems and solution techniques in the limited domain of tile-based services for geospatial information.” (R. M. Malyankar, ACM Computing Reviews, September, 2011)

• Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Stennis Space Center, USA

  John T. Sample, Elias Ioup

Dr. John T. Sample has worked for 12 years as a scientist in the Naval Research Laboratory’s Geospatial Sciences and Technology branch. He has authored and edited articles, books, and book chapters on the topic of web based GIS. He currently has two patents granted related to web based GIS. He has developed a number of tile-based mapping systems in use by the Department of Defense and Department of Homeland Security. Dr. Sample received a Ph.D. in computer science from Louisiana State University in 2003 and a B.S. in mathematics from the University of Southern Mississippi in 1999.

Elias Z. K. Ioup is a Computer Scientist with the Naval Research Laboratory working on several geospatial research programs. He is the principal investigator for the GHUB Distributed Geospatial Repository program and a lead developer on the Geospatial Information Database (GIDB). These programs represent leading DoD efforts to leverage geospatial capabilities using Service Oriented Architectures and Web services. Elias Ioup received a Master’s degree in Computer Science from the University of New Orleans in 2006 and Bachelor's degrees in Mathematics and Computer Science from the University of Chicago in 2003. He is currently a Ph.D. candidate in Engineering and Applied Science at the University of New Orleans.

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